533 THE DESCENT OF MAW. 



winter or breeding coat; so tliat this case may be compared with 

 those given in a previous chapter of closely-allied or representa- 

 tive species of birds, which differ from each other only in their 

 breeding plumage.^' The females of Cervus paludosus of S. Amer- 

 ica, as well as the young of both sexes, do not possess the black 

 stripes on the nose and the blackish-brown line on the breast, 

 which are characteristic of the adult malee.^' Lastly, as I am in- 

 formed by Mr. Blyth, the mature male of the beautifully colored 

 and spotted axis deer is considerably darker than the female; and 

 this hue the castrated male never acquires. 



The last Order which we need consider is that of the Primates. 

 The male of the Lemur macaco is generally coal-black, whilst the 

 female is brown.'^ Of the Quadrumana of the New World, the 

 females and young of Mycetes caraya are grayish-yellow and like 

 each other; in the second year the young male becomes reddish- 

 brown; in the third, black, excepting the stomach, which, how- 

 ever, becomes quite black in the fourth or fifth year. There is 

 also a strongly-marked difference in color between the sexes of 

 Mycetes seniculus and Cebus capucinus; the young of the former, 

 and I believe of the latter species, resembling the females. With 

 Pithecia leucocephala the young likewise resemble the females, 

 which are brownish-black above and light rusty-red beneath, the 

 adult males being black. The ruff of hair round the face of Ateles 

 marginatus is tinted yellow in the male and white in the female. 

 Turning to the Old World, the males of Hylobates hoolock are 

 always black, with, the exception of a white band over the brows; 

 the females vary from whity-brown to a dark tint mixed with 

 black, but are never wholly black.'" In the beautiful Cercopithe- 

 cus diana, the head of the adult male is of an Intense black, whilst 

 that of the female is dark gray; in the former the fur between 

 the thighs is of an elegant fawn-color, in the latter it is paler. 

 In the beautiful and curious moustache monkey (Cercopltheous 

 cephus) the only difference between the sexes is that the tail of 

 the male is chestnut and that of the female gray; but Mr. Bart- 



-' 'Ottawa Academy of Sciences,' May 21, 1868, pp. 3, 5. 



^ S. Muller, on the Banteng, 'Zoog. Indischen Archipel.' 1839-184i 

 tab. 3B; see, also, Raffles, as quoted by Mr. Blyth, in 'Land and 

 Water,' 1867, p. 476. On goats, Dr. Gray, 'Cat. Brit. Mus.' p. 146; Des- 

 marest, 'Mammalogie,' p. 482. On the Cervus paludosus, Rengger, ibid. 

 s. 345. 



=» Sclater, 'Proc. Zool. Soc' 1866, p. 1. The same fact has also been 

 fully ascertained by MM. Pollen and van Dam. See, also, Dr. Gray 

 in 'Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.' May, 1871, p. 340. 



™ On Mycetes, Rengger, ibid. s. 14; and Brehm, 'Illustrirtes Thier- 

 leben,' B. i. s. 96, 107. On Ateles, Desmarest, 'Mammalogie,' p. 75. On 

 Hylobates, Blyth, 'Land and Water,' 1867, p. 135. On the Semnopithe- 

 cus, S. Muller, 'Zoog. Indischen Archipel.' tab. x. 



