100 PTEROPIDZ. 
Section B. Teeth 28, True grinders 2.2. False grinders? ; front minute, 
often deciduous. Wings from the sides of the hairy back. Penis- _ 
gland fleshy. 
Tribe IV. Harpyiana.  Cutting-teeth 2 or 3; lower, when present, 
crowded before the canines. False grinders 2. Head short, broad. 
Nostrils tubular, diverging. 
9, Harnpyia. Tail short, end free. 
Tribe V. CynopTerina. Cudtting-teeth4; lower in a regular series. 
False grinders 2. Head broad, short, tapering. Nostrils rather pro- 
minent. Shoulde-rgland with coloured hairs. 
10. Cynoprerus. Tail short, end free. 
11. Meazra. Tail none. 
Tribe VI. EpomopHorina. Cutting-teeth 4; lower in regular series. 
Front upper false grinders wanting. Head very long, swollen in front. 
Nostrils rather prominent. Shoulder-gland with white hairs. 
12. Hypsienatuus. Face swollen and truncated in front. Nose and 
chin with a fleshy disk, with raised edges. Nostrils in the notch 
in the upper margin of the disk. 
13. EpomopHorvs, Face very hairy, rounded in front. Nose and chin 
hairy. Skull elongate, narrow, zygomatic arch flattened. Upper 
cutting-teeth close, rather crowded together in the centre of the 
intercanine space; grinders far apart. : 
14. Epomors. Face rounded in front. Nose and chin hairy. Skull 
ovate, rather broad. Face moderate. Zygomatic arch curved. Cut- 
Bue: teri separate, far apart in the intercanine space; grinders 
close, 
Section A. Zeeth 34. True grinders 3, hinder small. False grinders 3, 
Sront minute, often deciduous, 
Tribe I. PTEROPINA. 
Cutting-teeth 4; lower series regular. Wings from sides of back 
(except in Zunycteris). ‘Tail none. Penis-gland bony. 
1. SPECTRUM. 
Head rounded; face produced, slender, cylindrical. Ears small, 
slender, nearly hidden by the fur. Wings from the sides of the hairy 
back, Fur soft, abundant, erect. Back, base of the wings near the 
back, shoulders, hinder side of the forearm, thighs and legs, and 
interfemoral membrane covered with hair. Thumb, lower joint 
short, enclosed in the front membrane; upper joint not very long, 
compressed, quite free. Tail none. Penis-gland bony. Interfe- 
moral membrane very narrow, only distinct near the heel-bone. 
Hab. Africa, Asiatic islands, and Japan. 
1. Spectrum vulgare. B.M. 
Ears small; fur soft, abundant, spreading, blackish chestnut; 
head pale yellow; the upper arm, sides of the shoulders, back, and 
