2. PTEROPUS. 103 
I. The nape and back of the neck yellow or red, forming a bright tippet. 
* Orbits paler, forming rings round the eye. 
1. Pteropus conspicillatus. The Spectacled Kalong. B.M. 
Black ; orbits brown ; nape and back of neck red yellow ; hairy part 
of back rather narrow ; upperarms and thighs rather hairy ; rest of 
limbs bald; forearm-bone 6} inches. 
at ie aaa Gould, P. Z. 8. 1849, p. 109! Mamm. Austr. 
il, t. 
Hab. Kast coast of Australia: Fitzroy Island. (Malay Islands, 
Temm. 
Var. Underside silvered, with the white tips to the hairs; face 
browner. Hab. East coast of Australia, Capt. Stanley. BM. 
Skull large (end imperfect), about 23 inches in length, 1 inch 
7 lines wide; hinder grinders small, roundish, lower smallest ; false 
grinders circular, upper wanting; upper cutting- -teeth subequal. 
** Orbits like back. Large-sized Bats. 
2. Pteropus Edwardsii. The African Kalong. B.M. 
Fur soft, nearly uniform ; back and legs black; head, neck, and 
upper part of back orange; face and throat blackish ; underside red- 
dish yellow ; sides of body and vent blackish-varied ; back, thighs, 
and lower half of forearms hairy, wings very hairy beneath, near 
elbow. 
Great Madagascar Bat, Edw. Birds, iv. t. 180. Pteropus Edwardsii, 
pats » Geoff. Ann. Mus. xv. p.92; Lemm. Monog. ii. p. 61; Peters, 
ossamb, i. p. 23. 
Hab. Africa: Shoa; Mohilla Islands ; Comoro group, Kirk; Jo- 
hanna Island, Livingstone. 
_The skull elongate ; the false grinders in the upper jaw very small, 
lower larger; the front grinder in each jaw very high, conical ; the 
canines very long, slender. 
M. Temminck says that the specimens from Calcutta, Pondicherry, 
and Ceylon do not differ from those from Madagascar (Mon. ii. p. 62); 
but I believe that they are distinct species. 
3. Pteropus medius. Zhe Wurbagool. B.M. 
Blackish brown ; nape and back of neck yellow; head, throat, 
chest, and abdomen darker, red or blackish brown. 
Pteropus Edwardsii, part., Geoff. Ann. Mus. xv. a 92 ; Temm. Monog. 
ii. p. 61. P. medius, Temm. Monog. i. p. 176. P. leucocephalus, 
Hodgs. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. iv. p. 7 O! P. edulis, W. Elliot. 
P, Edwardsii, Waterhouse, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 67! Kelaart, Prod. 
27! P.assamensis, M Clelland, P.Z. 8. vii. p. 148! P. rubricollis, 
M Clelland. 
