13. EPOMOPHOXUS. 125 
13. EPOMOPHORUS. 
Skull elongate, narrow. Face as long as the brain-case, zygomatic 
arches flattened. The upper cutting-teeth close, rather crowded to- 
gether in the centre of the intercanine space. Head large. Muzzle 
elongate, conical, acute, the lips much dilated behind at the angle of 
the mouth. Tail rudimentary, only a tubercle. Wings far back. 
Neck with a tuft of hair on each side. Lower joint of the thumb 
nearly half the length of the upper one, which is enclosed in a broad 
membrane. Teeth 28. Back, shoulders, thighs, andlower part of 
the upper surface of the arm hairy. Dorsal surface of wing near 
back rather bald. Wing to the base of the toes. Grinders 4, far 
apart, with a small false grinder in front below. 
Epomophorus, Bennett, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii. p. 838; Tomes, P. Z. S. 
1860, p. 42. Pachysoma, sp., Temm. Esq. p. 64, 1853. 
The teeth are often very imperfect, the grinders sometimes entirely 
wanting ; the cheek-pouches very large. ating figs.—Dr. Kirk. 
Face very long, much longer from the eyes to the nose than from the 
eyes to the ears. 
1. Epomophorus macrocephalus. B.M. 
Brown. Male. Underside rufous, middle whiter; throat rufous ; 
large tuft on the shoulders, smaller one in front ; base of ears white. 
Female. Greyer beneath. 
Pteropus macrocephalus, Ogilby, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 101; Peters, Mos- 
samb, i. p. 80. P. epomophorus, Bennett, BP. Z.S. "1835, p. 149, 
P. megacephalus, Swainson, Lardner’s Ency. p. 92. Epomophorus 
whitei, Bennett, Trans. Zool. Soc. ii. p. 38, t.6. EE. macroc aie 
Tomes, P. Z. 8. 1860, p. 43; 1861, p. 12, tLe 1,la,& 7. Pachy- 
soma whitei, Temm. Esq. pe. 65 & 71, 1853. P. macrocephalum, 
Temm. Esq. pp. 65 & 71, 1853. 
Hab. West Africa: Gambia, Rendall. 
Males, from Gambia and Zambesi, have a length, from eye to tip of 
nose (in spirit), of 11 inch; and in the female the length from eye to 
tip of nose is 1 inch. In both sexes the gland of shoulder very large, 
deep, with thickened ‘edges, covered with white hairs. In some fe- 
males, from Angola and the Gambias, the length from eye to tip of 
nose is 1 inch, and the gland of shoulder is scarcely marked. 
Var. angolensis. Pale brown; head with a dark streak from the 
nostrils to the front of the lower edge of the eye, and a second rather 
above and parallel with the upper lip; chest and beneath whitish ; 
epaulette pale brown ; forearm 33 inches. Female. B.M. 
Hab. Angola, Montiero (in spirit). 
Var. unicolor. Brown above and below; epaulet white, rather 
small. B.M. 
Hab. Banks of the Zambesi at Shupanga.. Eating figs, Kirk. 
