XVI 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page 

 Stipiilar tendrils of the common Smilax, - • 690 

 Leaf-stalk tendrils of Atragene alpina, - ■ 691 



Erancli-tendrils of Serjania gramatopkora, - - 693 

 Tendrils of the Bryony [Bryonia), - - -696 

 Light-avoiding Tendrils of Vitis inserta and Vitis 



inconstans, ■-.... 699 

 I vy ( Hcdera Helix) fastened by climbing roots to 



the trunk of an Oak, 703 



Ficus with girdle-like clasping roots, - - - 705 

 Piciis Benjamina with incrusting climbing roots, 707 

 Bignonia argyro-violacea, from Brazil, - ■ 709 



Picus with lattice-forming climbing roots, - - 711 

 Bamboos in Java, - - - . - - 713 



The Oak, 716 



The SWver Fir {Abies pectinata), - ■ ■ 717 



Bircli Trunks with white membraneous bark, - 721 

 Eucalyptus trees in Australia, .... 723 

 Diagrammatic representation of various combined 



girders, --...-. 728 



Page 

 Transverse sections of erect foliage-stems with 



simple girders not fused together into a tube, 729 

 Transverse sections of erect foliage-stems with 



simple girders fused into cylindrical tubes, - 730 

 Transverse sections of erect foliage-stems with 



flanges developed as secondary girders, - 731 



Transverse section of the climbing stem of the 



Atragene {Atragene alpina), - - - 733 



Undulations of old ribbon-shaped Liane stems, - 734 

 Transverse sections of a runner of the Garden 



Strawberry and of the Water Milfoil, - - 735 

 Branch of the Walnut-tree with hanging luale 



catkins, and a small cluster of female flowers, 742 

 India-rubber Tree {Ficus elastica] and Banyan- 

 tree iFieus Indica), - ■ - - 755 

 The Screw Pine {Pandanus utilis), - - - 758 

 Stilt-like and columnar roots of Mangroves, - 759 

 Bramble-bush in which the branches have taken 



root, - 769 



