BIRDS OF NEW YORK 463 



bution in New York is shown by the map on page 28, volume i of this work. 

 It is a common summer resident of the second growth, slashings and 

 burnt lands of the Catskills and Adirondacks, and in many localities in 

 central and western New York. Miller and Maxon have found it a 

 common summer resident in the vicinity of Peterboro ; Ralph and Bagg in 

 northern Oneida county; Embody near Verona Beach, Oneida lake; Burtch 

 and Stone in Potter swamp; W. E. Yager near Oneonta; Reed and 

 Wright south of Ithaca; James Savage and the author in Bergen swamp; 

 the author in the gully sides and hill slope woodlands of Cattaraugus 

 and southern Erie counties; H. L. Achilles in "the gulf" near Chautauqua 

 lake. The spring migration of this species begins from the 3d to the 12th 

 of May both in eastern and western New York, average date being 

 about May 8. Some seasons it has not been noted earlier than May 14. 

 The principal migration flight is passed by the 25th or the 28th of May. In 

 the fall the return migration begins from the loth to the 21st of August 

 and the last migrants depart between September 19 and October 12. 



Haunts and habits. The Canada warbler during the migration season 

 is found about our dooryard shrubbery, and the thickets on the edges 

 of streams and woodlands. It is very spritely at this season and its song 

 is frequently heard. It feeds nearer the ground than the dendroicas, as 

 is the case with the Wilson and the Hooded warblers. I am always sure 

 to find it about the tangles of vines and berry bushes in neglected spots 

 near the edges of the villages, cities and parklands during the first three 

 weeks of May. In the nesting season we must seek for it in the cooler 

 gullies of central and western New York or in damp, cool woodlands of 

 deciduous or mixed growth, usually at an altitude of 1000 to 2000 feet, 

 but it nests in Bergen swamp as well as Oak Orchard swamp where the 

 altitude is scarcely above 500 feet, and the evidence seems to indicate 

 that a high degree of humidity and a dense covert of herbs and shrubbery 

 is more to be desired by this species than a low temperature, although 

 the two may go together. In Potter swamp the Canada warbler is found 

 in the same situations as those preferred by the Mourning and Golden- 



