HISTORICAL 9 



was repeated, and in 1885 Millardet published the first 

 directions for preparing 



Bordeaux Mixture 



Water 130 liters (34 gallons) 



Bluestone .... 8 kilograms (17.6 pounds) 



Lime 15 kilograms (33 pounds) 



This mixture was to be shaken upon the plants with a 

 broom. 



Following this demonstration came the introduction of 

 an era, not yet at an end, of active experimentation with 

 fungicides, wet and dry, which has already yielded results 

 of incalculable value. 



In 1885 also appeared for the first time the Ammoniacal 

 Copper Carbonate proposed by Professor Audoynaud of 

 the Montpelier Agricultural School. 



Saunders, in the Canadian Horticulturist in 1884, sug- 

 gested the use of several liquid spraying mixtures for apple 

 scab, but httle, if any, liquid spraying for plant diseases 

 was done in America prior to 1885. 



In 1885, from Section of Mycology, Division of Botany, 

 United States Department of Agriculture, appeared an 

 article by Lamson-Scribner, giving directions for making 

 " the copper mixture of Gironde," the primitive Bordeaux 

 mixture. In 1886 the spraying campaign may be said 

 to have been well started in this country. 



The disinfection of seeds by bluestone was practiced 

 first with the cereals as early as 1807 by Provost of France, 

 and improved by Dreisch in 1873, by the addition of a 

 limewater bath to follow the bluestone. In 1887 Jensen 



