SMALL FRUITS 



163 



To prevent the inroads of the black rot thorough, clean 

 culture should be practiced. All mummified fruit should 

 be burned to avoid infection. Keep sprouts and all other 

 growths off the ground. Allow no weeds or grass. Plow 

 early so as to cover all remaining 

 leaves and berries that bear the 

 hibernating fungus. Cover crops 

 are beneficial. Use a cleansing 

 spray while the vines are still 

 dormant to clean the bark, trellis, 

 etc. The utility of this first 

 spraying may vary with climatic 

 conditions and latitude. Use 

 protective sprays of 4-3-50 Bor- 

 deaux mixture ^ throughout the 

 summer. Five or six applica- 

 tions are usually necessary. The 

 first should be made when the 

 shoots are 20-30 cm. long. The 

 others at intervals of ten to four- 

 teen days. After the first two 

 sprayings the spray must reach 

 the clusters to be effective. Spray 

 each season. Neglect one season brings large increase in 

 the rot the following season. 



The following table shows the benefits of careful, thorough 

 spraying.^ 



1 Shear, C. L., Miles, G. F., and Hawkins, L. A., U.S. Dept. Agr. 

 Bur. Plant Indus. Bui. 155. 



2 Wilson, C. S., and Reddick, D., N.Y. (Cornell) Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 

 266, p. 405. 



Fig. 70. — Grape black rot. 

 Original. 



