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Names of crops.— Forest crops have received different 

 names according to their stages of development. 



Seedling crop.— Erom the germination of the seeds to the 

 time when the newly-developed branches meet. 



Thicket.— From the time of the branches meeting to the 

 fall of the lower branches. 



Pole-crop.— From the fall of the lower branches to the 

 time when the crop attains its full height. 

 ^ High forest.— From the time of the crop having attained 

 its normal height. 



Stages of growth of trees.— A separate individual is termed 

 a seedling when it belongs to the first stage and the first 

 part of the second stage ; a sapling when it begins to lose its 

 lower branches ; a pole in the third stage ; and a tree in the 

 fourth stage. 



Reserve or standard. — The trees left standing when a crop 

 is felled, in order that they may grow to a larger size are 

 called standards or reserves. 



Clearing.— The felling of the whole crop on a given area, 

 whether a few standards are left or not, is called a clearing. 



Clean felling. — If, however, no standards are left, a clear 

 felling is often called a clean felling. 



Stool-shoot. — Is a stem springing from the stool or stump 

 of a felled or fallen tree. 



Root sucker or sucker.— Is a stem springing from a root. 



Coppice.— Is a crop principally composed of stool-shoots 

 or suckers. There is no terminology sanctioned by usage, 

 similar to that employed with regard to high forest, to ex- 

 press the stages of development of coppice. 



Regeneration fellings,— When it is sought to replace the 

 existing by a new crop the fellings made are called principal 

 or regeneration fellings. 



Improvement fellings. — When it is sought to improve or 

 restore the condition or constitution of an existing crop, by 

 thinnings or weedings, the operation is called an improve- 

 ment felling. 



Natural regeneration.— The regeneration is said to be 

 natural when the new crop is obtained from self-sown seed- 

 lings, from stool-shoots, or, without extraneous aid, from 

 suckers. 



Artificial regeneration.— When regeneration is obtained by 

 sowings or plantings it is said to be artificial. 



