43 



the crop. Or a system of ruled lines may be used, different 

 species being represented by different colours, density,, com- 

 pleteness and age by the closeness and length of the lines, 

 and seedlings by small dots. 



In the Sevue des Eaux et ForSls for the 10th June 1890, Monsieur Marcel 

 Yolmerange writes as follows on the subject : — 



" One of the most troublesome portions of a working-plans report is the deacrip. 

 tion of tbe compartments. This requires as much minute cave on the part of the 

 writer as it does steady attention on the part of tlie reader; and, after all, it is 

 extremely difficult, from a perusal of it, to gather any idea of the forest in its entirety. 



A graphic repi-esentation of the nature and composition of the forest would pi'o- 

 hably give a better general idea of its condition and contents and could be prepared 

 with far less trouble. 



Such a method would consist in indicating on a sketch map by conventional signs 

 the principal f uctors of the crop, different colours being used to show the species of 

 trees, for example : — 



Seedling crop , . , .oooooo 

 Thicket of saplings . . • 8 g g 8 8 8 § 

 Pole crop . . . .+ + + + + + 



Young high forest ... X X X X x 



Mature high forest ... — — — — 



Over-mature or decaying high forest ^ =: = = 



Complete crops might be indicated by a continuous line. 



These conventional signs, or such others as might be preferred, could be used in 

 various combinations, and would thus enable the composition of the forest in each 

 compartment to be sliown with whatever degree of accuracy or detail might be desir- 

 able ; while a general idea of the forest as a whole could be gained from a simple in- 

 spection of tbe map. 



In Older to complete the description, a brief account would be sufficient to explain 

 the nature of the soil, unless it was thought practicable, and not too ditticult, also to 

 record the quality of soil by a similar method of signs and colours. 



It would also prove interesting, after the lapse of a certain number of years, to 

 make, using similar signs, a new map, which, by comparison with the old map, would 

 at once indicate the alterations and improvements in the condition of the crops and 

 would facilitate the determination of the changes required in the treatment." 



Colonel Wilmer, of the Survey of India Department, in surveying the forests of 

 the Central Provinces instituted some years ago such a system as the above at the in- 

 stance of Mr. MHcUenzie, the Chief Commissioner. Colonel Wilmer flescnbed as follows 

 Lis system, which has since been officially prescribed for all Indian forest surveys : 



" The classification of forests and soils was adopted and carried on at the same 

 time as the original detail survey was made, the former by the colour' of lines used, 

 for shading, and the latter by the direction of the lines. The classification was 

 shown on tracing cloth by symbols as follows : — 



The forests were divided into five classes, vie, .— 



1. Forest where teak abounds without bamboo .... Carmine. 



2. Ditto, ditto ditto with bamboo 



3. Miscellaneous forests .... 



4. Grass lands . . . . • 



5. Cultivation . . • • • 



Soils were divided into fouE classes, vis. ■■ — 



1. Very good and rich Lines draion vertieallp 



2. Medium ^"^ ^or''''"*f9- 



3- Very dry ^- "^Sf^'j^r, 



4. Unproductive ^"^ ^Jt/"-^ 



Blue. 

 Brown. 

 Green. 

 Tellow.. 



