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is Lastened by judicious improvement fellings, etc. The 

 object is to obtain a crop normally constituted according 

 to the method of treatment adopted and containing a 

 regularly graduated series of age-classes. Such a forest 

 capital can generally be secured in a shorter time than that 

 represented by the exploitable age. 



Thus the irregularly constituted coppice of 500 acres, already (akcn as an example, 

 which it is wished to exploit at 20 years, could ouly he constituted, according to 

 the normal type, hy making during the next 20 years 20 successive fellings of 2i> 

 acre« in extent each year. After the lapse of 20 years there would he on the ground 

 twenty age-classes, each occupying the same area and differing in age hy one year. 

 In practice, however, such a treatment is not necessary, and it is merely sought to 

 properly constitute the capital as soon as possible. In the case of coppice exploited 

 at a low age, the provisional period is, however, generally equal in duration to the 

 exploitable age. 



Prescribing the fellings.— The general worldng scheme is 

 merely an outline ; because detailed operations could not, in 

 most cases, be prescribed with any degree of certainty for 

 so long a time in advance as the exploitable age or the 

 duration of the preparatory period. It is therefore neces- 

 sary to regulate in a special statement and for a shorter 

 time the — 



duration of operations ; 



area to be operated on in each year or period ; 



order to be followed in the fellings ; 



nature of the fellings ; 



material to be removed. 



Period for which fellings are prescribed. — The interval 

 during which the fellings should be prescribed depends on 

 the general working scheme, as provisionally modified, and 

 on the nature of the plan. The interval should not be too 

 long, as the longer the more likely is it that unforeseen 

 events may necessitate its modification ; and this may prove 

 inconvenient. As a general rule, the term should be long 

 enough to enable the prescribed fellings to pass once over 

 the whole area to be worked, or to complete any definite 

 series of operations already undertaken. That is to say, the 

 fellings would generally be prescribed for one whole telling 

 rotation in the case of coppice and selection worked forests, 

 for one period in the method of successive fellings, etc. In 

 Europe longer periods than 10 or 15 years are seldom 

 taken ; but in India, in the case of selection fellings, 25 

 years or more have sometimes been found expedient. An 



