75 



The number of square feet in one acre is 43,560 ; and hs i?=^ = 72, a crop 



of that number of trees of 80 years old would form a complete croTon one acre Let 



Z^T^Z *'"'* ? ^Ta^ ^^'' ""^ ^•'?. observation on the .pot, it is decided that the 

 total D"mber of standards per acre should not exceed about 40 trees, and that trees of 

 from 60 o 80 years old have attained the most useful dimensions they can reach whi e 

 sound; also that It has been estimated that only about a third of^ the stems first 

 reserved can be again reserved with advantage at the second rotation, and so as 

 regards these again. There should therefore be reserved at each exploitation— 



27 standards of one rotation. 

 9 „ „ two „ 



3 „ ,, three „ 



As soon as the capital was constituted the number of standards to be felled at each 

 exploitation would thei ef ore he : — 



Trees of one rotation, felled 0, reserved . . 27 



.. » two „ „ 18, „ . . 9 



„ „ three „ t, 6, „ . . 3 



„ „ four „ „ 3, „ . . 



When the capital was fully constituted and just beforeleach coupe there would be 

 per acre (in addition to the coppice containing 27 standards of one rotation about to 

 be reserved and covering an area of 810 square feet) — 



Square feet. 

 27 trees of two rotations covering • • . . . 4,050 



9 „ „ three „ „ 3,600 



3 „ „ four. „ 1,800 



ToTAI, AEEA COVEEED . 9,450 



The maximum area covered by the standards, including that covered by the trees 

 about to be reserved, would, therefore, only amount to one-fourth of the total area. 

 For the particular species cimoerned it would, by hypothesis, have already been ascer- 

 tained that the room left for the coppice growth is sufficient. 



As re>;ards the effect of the reservation on the capital value of the forest and on 



the revenue, we may assume the net value of the tree of 40 years old to be E5, of 



60 years old 1110, and of 80 years old R20 ; and that an acre completely stocked 



with simple coppice 30 years old produces at each felling « net piofit of filOO. 



Ti,... -,» ij v t n J 1 u The effect of the reservation of the standards 



There would be lelled at each coupe— ijii,j: ux • ti. ii /■ i 



would tnereiore be to raise the net value ol each 



,„ ... ,j ^ one-aore coupe when the crop is mature from 



6 T' IS '"r °!. ® 10 = w RlOO to E286, and the net annual revenue per 



3 „ 80 ,',* ,V ,7 20=60 acre from fl5 to fil4f. Capitalised at 4 per cent, 



~7^ the value of the forest cropped with simple coppice 



100 X 10.260 would be EI2o per acre; while with standards, the 



Coppice : KlOO ^^^ 76 ^^i„g ^q^j^ ^e fl360. The results may in many 



Total ~im •"'^^^ ^^ ^'^^^ more favourable to compound oop- 

 ' — . pice. 



In selecting the standards attention is paid to their origin, 

 their species, their shape, their condition of growth and their 

 position in the crop. Seedling poles should be preferred to 

 coppice, because they are longer lived. Where, however, seed- 

 lings are not found, sound shoots from young and small stools 

 may be chosen. Only such species as furnish valuable timber 



