97 



regulated by cultural rules, in the manner already explained, 

 untU the forest capital has attained the necessary compo- 



The length of the period in which the restoration may in practice he made can 

 generally be determined from an inspection of tlie crop. At most, an enumeration of 

 the sound stock in the forest, and a determination of the rate of growth of the 

 principal species, are required. In eases of restoration the fellings of mature sound 

 trees would be made with great moderation, and be strictly limited to the removal of 

 such stems as were over-mature or approaching decay. Otherwise, if all trees were 

 removed as they became exploitable, the object sought would he defeated because the 

 wood capital on the ground would not increase. Jt is of especial importance to note 

 this, because by the lapse of time there would be more sound trees to fell and fewer 

 nnsonnd. There is then temptation to Ml the sound trees and to neglect the unsdund. 

 1 his should bo carefully guarded against if the restoration fellings are to have the 

 desired effect. 



It not infrequently happens in India that the demand 

 for timber is so uncertain and so unequal that if fellings 

 in fixed areas were prescribed in advance the material out 

 could not be sold. It has heen sometimes sought to get 

 oyer this difficulty by prescribing the areas to be taken in 

 hand each year, leaving the executive officers to make the 

 felling heavy or light according to the demand at the time. 

 This, however expedient it may be from a revenue point of 

 view, is nevertheless sylviculturally a faulty system. Theo- 

 retically the state of the crop determines the nature of the 

 felling. The object of restoration fellings during a provi- 

 sional rotation is to assist in bringing the crop to its normal 

 condition. To regulate the intensity of the fellings by the 

 demand might have just the contrary effect, and might 

 defeat the chief object which the plan should have in view. 

 In practice, however, it would often be mischievous to fell 

 trees which might be profitably disposed of hereafter. The 

 conditions of each case must be weighed ; and it may some- 

 times be advisable to confine the restoration or improve- 

 ment fellings to the trees least capable of improvement, 

 having other stems, which in strictness ought to be removed, 

 for possible sale in the future. 



The transformation fellings should be prescribed by area 

 in the manner already explained for fellings regulated by 

 the cultural method. 



METHOD OF SUCCESSIVE RBGENEKATION FELLINQSr 



General description.— The essential cultural feature of this 



