125 



The grazing alloired nnder the orders above mentioned in as follows :— 



It is always well to estimate the quantity of timber or 

 fuel for which provision must be made. This' information 

 is necessary in order to arrange for the exercise of the rights 

 and for their regulation which, as will be seen, may neces- 

 sitate the grouping into separate working-circles of the 

 areas affected. The bearing of the rights on the manage- 

 ment of the forest should be noticed, and it should be pointed 

 out in what way the rights should be regulated. An endea- 

 vour should always be made to estimate the value of the con- 

 cessions granted. 



Composition and condition of the crops.— As a detailed de- 

 scription of the crops in each block is usually separately 

 given or figured in the stock map, this section should con- 

 tain only a broad general description, special attention being 

 paid to points, such as the following, not dealt with in the 

 detailed description : — 



The different classes or types of forest and their distribution ; principal and 



accessory species, and their relative proportions. 

 The condition of the crop ; the dominant age-classes ; the quality and density of 



the growth ; absence or presence of blanks or glades. 

 Eeprodnction j the presence or absence of natural seedlings, with explanatory 



Example.— Taking the forest as a whole, the stock may be generally sub-divided 

 into three distinct zones which roughly occupy the following areas •- — 



(1) The Karshu oak zom?.— Beginning at about 9,000 feet and extending 

 to the highest point of the basin. It comprises pure or mixed open or 

 dense patches of the silver and sprues firs and of Jcharsu (oak), inter- 

 spers^ed with bird cherries, maples, service trees and yews. In this zone, 

 wherever the ground is fairly level, we obtain extremely rich pastures. 

 Deodar just enters the zone. 



