NOMADISM, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HEREDITY. 



21 



(6) If neither parent of nomadic offspring is nomadic, half of the sons 

 and none of the daughters are nomadic. This is the same as (2) above, 

 for by hypothesis the mother is of nomadic stock. 



(7) If the parents of nomads are unknown or slightly known it is to 

 be expected that half of the male children and a few females will be 

 nomadic. 



2. TEST OF THE HYPOTHESIS. 



Condition 2, which probably comprises condition 6 (and 7 in part), 

 may be tested in tables i, 6, 7, and 8. From these tables we get the 

 results as to offspring given in table 9. 



Table 9. 



Here, where "expectation" is an equality of nomadic and sedentary 

 males, we actually get a marked excess of nomadics. This, however, is 

 in accordance with a more analytical expectation. An inspection of 

 the tables will show many families with only one son, and he is, of course, 

 always nomadic. Now, there must be many other families of poten- 

 tially nomadic sons in which the only actual son was non-nomadic. 

 All such cases were excluded from our tables, however, for this is a 

 study of the origin of nomads. Hence the total nimiber of non- 

 nomadics included in our tables must be too small, as we find is the case. 



The occurrence of 4 nomadic females is also against "expectation," 

 since, by hypothesis, these will be found only when the father is nomadic. 

 First, it is to be observed that 2 of the 4 cases come from table 8, where 

 we lack details about the father as well as the mother and her stock. 

 In the case from table i the father is wholly unknown and the fraternity 

 is listed in that table only because of a probable nomadic tendency in 

 the mother's stock. The case from table 7 (family 62) deserves de- 

 tailed consideration. The affected daughter, a seamstress, is aged 23, 

 is fond of out-door life, and public-spirited, but more deeply interested in 

 domestic life. At times she has a desire to roam. Her father was bom 

 in Germany in 1864, came to the United States at 19 years, was in 

 Missouri and Wisconsin, was successively mason, a general farmer, and 

 a fruit grower, is very fond of nature and out-door sports, and a leader 

 in public affairs. He has a brother who is a careless, carefree wanderer. 



