THE CHATS 307 



The Ground-Thrush, 0. lunulata. — Victoria to South Queensland. Outside 

 tail feathers with obscurely-defined narrow white tips; olive-brown 

 above; sub-terminal spots on feathers of head and neck obsolete. 

 Wing 5.1 to 5.5 inches. 



The Large-hilled Ground-Thrush, O. macrorhyncha. — Tasmania. Eusset- 

 brown above; sub-terminal spots on feathers of head brown, of back 

 obsolete. Wing 5.1 to 5.3 inches. 



The Busset-tailed Ground-Thrush, 0. heinii. — East Queensland, North-east 

 New South Wales. Outside tail feather on each side tipped with 

 white on the inner edge for an inch or more. Wing 4.7 to 4.9 inches. 



Sub-family Ephthianurinm. 



Genus Ephthianura. Chats. 

 Bill slender, about equal in height and breadth at the nostrils. 

 Confined to Australia. 



A.- — Throat white. 



The White-fronted Chat, E. alhifrons. — Across Southern Australia. Fore- 

 head white; crown and nape black; back grey; wings and tail brown; 

 tail feathers with white tips, external widest; below white, with a 

 broad black band across the chest, joining the black of the nape. 

 Length 4.6 inches. 



The Tri-coloured Chat, E. tricolor. — Australia, migrating to the south for 

 the summer. Forehead, crown and upper tail-coverts crimson; back 

 and tail dusky brown; under surface behind the throat crimson. 

 Length 4.2 inches. 



B.— Throat black. 



The Orange-fronted Chat, E. aurifrons. — Interior of New South Wales, 

 Victoria, and South Australia. Crown of head orange yellow; back 

 light yellowish-brown; wings and tail brown; tail with white tip; 

 below orange-yellow, paler on the abdomen. Length 4.3 inches. 



C. Throat and under surface bright yellow, with a black 

 band across the chest. 



The Yellow-breasted Chat, E. crocea, — Centre and North. Crown olive- 

 yellow; back yellowish -brown; tail brown with white base and tip. 

 Length 4.3 inches. 



The females are a shade smaller, and paler in colouring. 



