L((vat('ra .] X. MALVACEAE. 69 



Shrubs or trees. 

 1. Plagianthus. Plowecs unisexual or polygamous. Fruit a naked 1-seeded capsule, 

 i. HoHEEiA. Flowers perfect. Stigma capitate. Carpels indehiscent, winged. 



3. Gaya. Flowers perfect. Stigma obliquely capitate. Carpels whorled, 2-valved, 



1-seeded, wingless. 



Herh. 

 * MoDiOLA. Eraoteolea 3, free. Stigmas capitate. Carpels 2-valved, 2-seeded. 



Tribe II. HIBISGEAB. — Staminal column 5-fcoothed or truncate at the apex, bearing anthers on 

 the outside or rarely at the apex also. Fruit a 2-10-celled capsule. 



4. HiBisons, Ovary 5-ceUed. Seeds 2 or more in each cell, 



* LAVATERA, Linn. 



Involucre of 3-6 bracts, connate at the base. Calyx 5-lobed. Staminal 

 column long, filaments free at the apex. Ovary several-celled ; ovules 1 in each cell ; 

 style-branches as many as cells, stigmatose along the inner surface. Fruit-carpels 

 forming a whorl round the axis, indehiscent, 1-seeded, depressed. Seed ascending. 

 Herbs, shrubs, or trees, pubescent or hairy, vyith angular or lobed leaves and race- 

 mose or cymose inflorescence. 



* L. arborea, L., Sp. PL 690. A stout biennial herb, 5ft. -9ft. high, rarely 

 branched, woody at the base. Leaves on long spreading petioles, orbicular-reniform, 

 5-7-angled, velvety. Mowers in axillary clusters. Peduncles shorter than the 

 petioles. Involucre with 3 rounded spreading lobes. Flowers l|-in. in diameter. 



NORTH and SOUTH Islands : naturalised in waste places, especially near the sea. Sea- 

 mallow. Nov. to Jan. South Europe. 



* MALVA, Linn. 

 Involucre of 3 bracts united to the calyx. Calyx 5-fid. Petals obcordate. 

 Stamens numerous, coherent into a tube for the greater part of their length. 

 Anthers reniform, 1-celled, dehiscing along the convex side. Ovary many-celled. 

 Styles many. Fruit rounded, depressed, separating into as many indehiscent 

 1-seeded kidney-shaped carpels as there are styles. Seed ascending ; endosperm 

 scanty, mucilaginous. Hairy or glabrous herbs with axillary flowers. 



Flowers on long peduncles. 



Stems erect. Flowers large. Carpels reticulated . . . . . . . . " M. sylvestris. 



Stems prostrate. Flowers small. Carpels rounded at the margin . . . . * M. rotimdifoUa. 



Stems prostrate. Flowers small. Carpels ridged at the margin . . ..*/¥. parviflora. 



Flowers sessile or nearly so. 

 Stems erect. Flowers small. Carpels ridged . . . . . . . . * M. verticillata. 



Stems erect. Leaves crisped at the margin . . .. .. .. .. * M. crispa. 



*M. sylvestris, L., Sp. PL 689. Biennial, pilose. Stem erect, 2ft. -3ft. high, 

 with spreading branches. Leaves palmate, sharply 5-7-lobed ; stipules erect. Seg- 

 ments of involucre lanceolate ; calyx segments ovate-lanceolate. Flowers fascicled 

 on slender peduncles, large, lin.-l^in. in diameter, purple. Carpels reticulate. 



NORTH and SOUTH Islands : chiefly on the borders of fields, waste places, &o. Purple 

 mallow. Nov,, Deo. Europe. 



* M. rotundifolia, L., Sp. PL 688. Biennial. Stems mostly decumbent, 

 pubescent. Leaves on long petioles, reniform-crenate or crenate- dentate ; lobes 

 obscure. Flowers in few-flowered fascicles. Segments of epicalyx narrow-linear, 

 acute, fugacious ; calyx segments ovate-acuminate. Corolla fully twice as long as 

 the calyx. Carpels with rounded edges. 



NORTH and SOUTH Islands ; naturalised. Dwarf mallow, Nov. to Jan. Europe, 



