222 XXXV. ABALIACEAE. \P seudopanax . 



umbels simple, terminal. Peduncles very short or 0. Rays 3—6, 3in.— 4in. long, 

 with racemose flowers near the tips. Pedicels exceeding the fruits or lin. long, 

 3— 4-flowered, with pedicels usually shorter than the fruits, slender. Fruits 

 almost globose, 5-celled. Seeds 2—5. Calyx-teeth minute. Styles 5, connate, 

 truncate. 



NORTH Island : Auckland District : Whangaroa North, inland (1868), Gillies and Kirk. 



Related to P, Lessonii, but more slender in all its parts, with mostly unifoliolate leaves, 

 smaller umbels, and almost globose fruits. 



3. P. crassifolium, C. Koch in Koch and Pint fVochenschrift, ii. (1859) 

 336. A round-headed tree, with spreading or straggling branches, 20ft.— 60ft. 

 high; trunk lOin.— 20in. in diameter. Leaves polymorphic. 



Var. unifoliolatum- Leaves all simple: (1), in the seedling state membranous, rhomboid or 

 rhomboid-acuminate, sharply toothed, lobed or deeply incised ; (2), in the unbranched state shortly 

 petioled, simple, coriaceous, linear, lft.-3Jft. long, Jin. wide, deflexed, with few distant acute teeth ; 

 (3), erect, 6in.-8in. long, with shorter broader leaves on longer petioles, often coarsely toothed, obtuse, 

 narrowed below ; (4), mature state excessively coriaceous, oblong, narrowed at the ends, teeth few, 

 small. Umbels terminal, compound. Peduncles short or 0. Primary rays 6-10, unequal, with 

 caducous bracts at the base, spreading or compact ; terminal rays 5-6. Flowers shortly pedioelled, 

 racemose or umbellate. Male: calyx-teeth minute; stamens 5, on slender filaments. Female: calyx- 

 teeth 0; ovary 5-oelled ; styles 5, conical. Fruit globose. Seeds 5. 



Var. trifollolatum. Leaves of the third stage 3-5-foliolate ; leaflets sessile, narrow-linear, 

 6in.-12in. long, Jm.-fin. broad, sessile or shortly petioled, acute or obtuse, coarsely or distantly 

 toothed. Other stages as in the type.— T. Kirk, Forest Fl. N.Z. 59, t. 38, 38a, 38b, 38o, 38d. 

 Aralia crassifolium, Banks and Sol. MSS. ; A. Gunn., Precurs. u. 514 ; Hook., Ic. PI. t. 583, 584 ; 

 Hook, f., Fl. N.Z. i. 96. A, lieterophylla, A. Gunn. MSS. Panax crassifolium, Decn. and Planch, in 

 Rev. Hort. 1854, 105 ; Hook, f., Handbk. 101 ; T. Kirk in Trans. N.Z.I, x., xxxiii. App. P. longis- 

 simum. Hook, f., Handbk. 102 ; Buch. in Trans. N.Z.I, ix. (1876) 530, t. 20. P. coriaceum, Regel, 

 Gartenflora, 1859, 46. Hedera crassifolia, A. Gray, Bot. U.S. Bxpl. Bxped. 719. Xylophylla hetero- 

 phylla, Banks and Sol. MSS. 



From the North Gape to STEWART Island. Var. unifoliolatum common in the Auckland 

 District ; rare elsewhere. Sea-level to 1,800ft. Horoeka. Hohoeka. Feb., March. 



An extremely variable and interesting plant, of which a more detailed account may be found 

 in the "Forest Flora of New Zealand." 



4. P. ferox, T. Kirk, Forest FL N.Z. 35, t. 23, 24, 25, 26. A small 

 tree, 15ft.— 20ft. high. Leaves trimorphic : (1), in the seedling state narrow- 

 linear-lanceolate, acute; (2), in the unbranched state 12in.— 18in. long, |in. 

 broad, on short stout petioles, deflexed, narrow-linear, slightly expanded at the 

 tips, excessively thick and coriaceous, lobulate-dentate ; teeth acute, hooked ; 

 (3), mature state 3in.— 5in. long, Jin.— fin. broad, linear-obovate, apiculate, very 

 thick and rigid. Flowers in terminal umbels : male of from 6—10 slender 

 racemes; pedicels shorter than the flowers; petals 4; stamens 4 : female umbel 

 compact; rays 6—9, lin. long, 1-3-flowered ; ovary 5-celled. Fruit ovoid, 

 glaucous, 5-seeded. Styles connate into a column, truncate. ^ — Panax ferox, 

 T. Kirk in Trans. N.Z.I, x. App. xxxiv. P. crassifolium, Buch., Trans. N.Z.I, 

 ix. 529, t. 20. 



NORTH Island : local. Auckland : Kauaeoruruwahine Forest, T. K. East Gape, Bishop 

 Williams I SOUTH Island : Nelson: Walroa, Hector and Srfc. Moutere, Matukituki, T. i". Can- 

 terbury : Lake Forsyth, T. K. Near Dunedin, Buchanan I Ascends to 1,000ft. 



Differentiated from P. crassifolimn by the acute lobulate teeth of the deflexed leaves, the 

 slender racemes of the male flowers, and the larger fruits with truncate style-columns. 



