Chrysanthemum.] XXXIX. OOMPOSIXAE. 321 



cral bracts very broad, obtuse, with scarious margins. Eays golden -yellow. Achenes 

 of the ray with 2 narrow wings, ribbed ; of the disk, wingless. 



NORTH and SOUTH Islands: in cultivated land, but not common. Com marigold. Feb., 

 March. Europe. 



* C. Leucanthemum, L., Sp. PI. 888. Perennial. Stems lft.-2ft. high, 

 erect, pubescent or glabrous, usually simple, bearing a single head lin.-2in. in 

 diameter. Lower leaves petioled, spathulate or linear-obovate ; cauline leaves ses- 

 sile, clasping, linear-oblong, lobed or pinnatifid, obtuse. Involucral bracts small, 

 numerous, with brown or purple margins. Eays white. Disk-florets yellow. 

 Achenes terete, ribbed. 



NORTH and SOUTH Islands : abundantly naturalised. A troublesome weed in pastures. 

 Ox-eye. Feb., March. Europe. 



17. COTULA, Tourn. 

 Involucre hemispherical or campanulate^ with few nearly equal bracts ; 

 margins scarious or coloured. Receptacle flat, convex, or conical, papillose. 

 Outer florets in 1 or more rows, female ; corolla short, broad, conical, or 0. 

 Disk-florets numerous, hermaphrodite, 4— 5-toothed, sometimes sterile. Anthers 

 without tails. Style-arms obtuse or truncate or style undivided. Achenes 

 compressed or unequally plano-convex, sometimes winged. Pappus 0. Small 

 perennial flaccid or succulent decumbent herbs, usually with numerous oil- 

 glands, often aromatic. Leaves alternate or radical. Heads small, on slender 

 scapes or axillary peduncles, rarely dioecious. 



Species, about 50, chiefly distributed through warm and temperate countries, but extending to 

 the Antarctic islands ; about 8 species are found in Australia. One of the New Zealand species is 

 common to Europe, the cooler parts of South America and South Africa, and Australia; another is 

 found in Australia and Tristan d'Acunha ; the others are endemic. 



Name, from the Greek, signifying a cup, in reference to the form of the involucre. 



The student should be careful to obtain fully matured achenes for examination. 



I. CoTtJLA. Receptacle flat or convex. Achenes of the female florets in a single row, stipitate. 



Corolla in the female florets. 



Stems stout, creeping. Leaves entire or lobed, distant, forming a membranous 



sheath round the stem. Flower-heads yellow . . . . . . 1. C. coronopi/olia. 



II. Steongylospbbma. Receptacle flat or convex. Female florets numerous, in several rows. 



Corolla 0. 



Stems slender. Leaves pinnate or bipinnate 



III. Leptinella. Receptacle convex or conical. Female florets in 1 or several series. 



always present. 



* Flower-heads bisexual. 

 Scapes fleshy, leafy. Leaves much divided. Heads large. Florets dark 



Stem and leaves softly woolly. Leaves 2in.-6in. long, dissected. Florets 

 glandular 



Stem stout. Leaves rather fleshy. Peduncles short, stout, terminal 



Stems prostrate, forming hoary depressed silky patches. Leaves Jin.-Jin. long. 

 Heads terminal . . 



Stems prostrate. Leaves tufted, 2in.-3in. long. Heads hemispherical. Florets 

 numerous, eglandular 



Stems prostrate. Leaves tufted. Heads hemispherical. Female florets few, 

 glandular 



Stems creeping. Leaves solitary or tufted. Female florets glandular. Corolla 

 almost equalling the achene 



