ACUTE NASAL CATARRH 19 



of air through the nostrils and producing marked enlarge- 

 ment of the nose. 



Discharge.— In acute and chronic nasal catarrh (coryza, 

 rhinitis) the mucous and serous discharge from the nasal 

 passages is greatly increased. The general condition is but 

 little disturbed. 



ACUTE NASAL CATARRH. 



Coryza. Rhinitis. 



Definition. —Acute inflammatory condition of the nasal 



mucous membrane producing a serous or mucous discharge. 



Etiology. — (a) Inhalations of dust or other foreign material. 



(b) Inhalations of irritating gases or chemicals. 



(c) Exposure to cold (cold draughts of air). 



(d) Ordinary infection (staphylococcus, etc.); specific 

 infections (distemper, etc.). 



(e) Linguatula rhinaria (early stages of invasion) . 

 During the first stages there is hyperemia and dryness of 



the nasal mucosa, which is soon followed by a discharge that 

 is serous, seromucous, or mucopurulent. This discharge 

 often causes excoriation of the tissues with which it comes in 

 contact. In non-pigmented membranes the congestion is 

 more prominent. 



The discharge when examined with the microscope shows 

 epithelial cells, leukocytes, bacteria and sometimes the eggs 

 of the parasite, Linguatula rhinaria. 



Symptoms.— Sneezing and the presence of a thin, serous 

 discharge in the early stages, which later is mixed with mucus, 

 becomes dry and adheres around the nasal openings. The 

 nose is rubbed against objects and wiped with the paws. 

 Excoriations appear around the margins of nasal openings. 



Diagnosis. —The presence of the above symptoms and the 

 absence of any general disturbance characterize simple 

 rhinitis. 



Prognosis. Favorable.— Recovery usually takes place in 

 about one to two weeks. 



Treatment.— Hygienic— The animal should be kept warm 

 and protected from draughts of cold air. 



