PARASITES OF THE NASAL PASSAGES 25 



Hemophilia, plethora, leukemia, parasitic anemia and 

 catarrhal pneumonia. 



Symptoms.— A unilateral or bilateral discharge of blood 

 from the nasal passages. When primary the blood is of a 

 bright red color and flows away a few drops at a time or the 

 flow may be copious, and sometimes sufficient to produce 

 general symptoms. When secondary to chronic nasal 

 catarrh or distemper it is mixed with the secretions. 



As small animals lick the nose the amount of hemorrhage 

 is not easily determined. 



Prognosis.— The prognosis depends on the character and 

 amount of the hemorrhage. Most cases terminate favorably. 



Treatment.— Medical.— In mild cases when treatment is 

 necessary use injections of cold water (ice-water) or alum 

 solution (3 per cent.) into the nasal passages. In severe 

 cases when hemorrhage is copious and persistent use injec- 

 tions of adrenalin chlorid (1-1000) solution. Give internally 

 iron and quinin citrate (0.2-0.35) three times daily; or adre- 

 nalin chlorid (1-1000) ten to twenty drops, twice daily. 



Surgical. —When the hemorrhage is continuous and cannot 

 be stopped by medical treatment, it will be necessary to use 

 a tampon made of gauze and saturated in an alum (3 per 

 cent.) or tannic acid (3 per cent.) solution. They should be 

 inserted with a small flexible probe firmly and carefully as 

 far up the nasal passages as possible. In some cases it will 

 be necessary to use the same kind of a tampon inserted in the 

 posterior part of the nasal passage. This is best accom- 

 plished by use of the mouth speculum and a flexible probe 

 bent in the shape of a hook. When a tampon is inserted a 

 free end should be exposed to facilitate removal. As small 

 animals breathe freely through the mouth tampons may be 

 inserted in both nasal passages. 



PARASITES OF THE NASAL PASSAGES. 



Definition.— Infestation of the nasal passages and chambers 

 by the Linguatula rhinaria. 



Etiology.— History.— The infestation of the dog with this 

 parasite is rather rare in the United States. Only a few cases 



