94 DISEASES OF THE MOUTH 



tion is increased in parotitis; inflammatory conditions of the 

 mouth; injuries; foreign bodies; poisons (calomel); eruption 

 of teeth in puppies; following injections of pilocarpin. An 

 abnormal quantity of saliva is noted in the mouth in dys- 

 phagia. The saliva which flows from the mouth is in clear 

 strands or in the form of foam from masticatory movements. 



(c) The Mucous Membranes.— An anemic or pale condition 

 is found in chronic constitutional diseases; intestinal para- 

 sites; skin parasites, especially in birds; severe hemorrhage. 

 A hyperemic or congested condition is noticed in all acute 

 inflammatory conditions; in acute infectious diseases with 

 elevation of temperature; occurs during the course of gas- 

 tritis. Cyanosis occurs from chronic heart diseases; inter- 

 ference with respiration or the local circulation. A blue line 

 is seen around the gums in lead poisoning. 



{d) Foreign Bodies.— A. careful examination should be 

 made for foreign bodies which often become imbedded in 

 the mucous membrane or around the tongue or forced in 

 between the teeth. In cats fishbones, needles or pins are 

 often found in the posterior part of the mouth. 



(e) Neoplasms.— Papillomata are frequently seen on the 

 margins of the lips or on the mucous membrane in various 

 parts of the mouth. Retention cysts often occur under the 

 tongue (submaxillary gland), inner surface of the lips and 

 cheeks (buccal glands). Other tumors are occasionally 

 found. In all cases where the mouth is held open, whether 

 from complete or partial paralysis or foreign bodies, dumb 

 rabies should be suspected and the examination made with 

 care. 



STOMATITIS. 



Several varieties of stomatitis are met with in practice as 

 follows: (a) Catarrhal; (6) ulcerative; (c) gangrenous; (d) 

 phlegmonous; (e) parasitic. 



Catarrhal Stomatitis.— Definition.— An acute or chronic 

 inflammatory condition of the mucous membrane of the 

 mouth . 



Etiology. — M echanical.— Injuries from foreign bodies or 

 sharp material in the food (bones, etc.); from irritation due 



