INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE— ENTERORRHAGIA 175 



Further, as this condition is often secondary to other 

 diseases, a differential diagnosis should always be attempted. 

 Look for chronic constitutional diseases, diseases of the liver, 

 heart and lungs and chronic infectious diseases. In birds 

 an examination should be made for infectious asthenia and 

 parasites. 



Prognosis.— Chronic enteritis whether of primary or sec- 

 ondary origin should be considered unfavorable owing to 

 the pathological changes which have taken place in the 

 mucous membrane. Complete recovery can hardly be 

 expected even in mild cases. In mature animals the prog- 

 nosis is considered more favorable than in young animals. 

 When it occurs secondary to other diseases the prognosis 

 depends largely upon the primary disease. 



Treatment.— A careful regulation of the diet (see Acute 

 Enteritis) is of great importance and should be thoroughly 

 impressed upon the attendant. 



Medical.— The action of the bowels should be kept as 

 regular as possible by the use of castor oil, magnesium 

 sulphate, etc. (See Acute Enteritis.) When diarrhea 

 becomes persistent astringents are indicated as in acute 

 enteritis. 



Washing out the bowels (see Acute Enteritis) is especially 

 valuable in chronic enteritis to remove irritating material, 

 mucus, fecal matter, etc. 



If parasites are present proper anthelmintics should be 

 employed. (See Parasites in the Intestines.) 



To encourage the appetite and to aid in digestion, bitter 

 stomachics (gentian, nux vomica) are indicated. In the 

 treatment an attempt should always be made to remove the 

 cause; when secondary to other diseases treatment should 

 be given to promote the removal of the fundamental disease. 



INTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE. ENTERORRHAGIA. 



Definition.— This is a condition where hemorrhage takes 

 place from the intestinal mucosa. It may be due to a definite 



