PREPUTIAL CATARRH 265 



infection. When the penis is strangulated and necrotic, it is 

 advisable to amputate the affected portion. This is done 

 in the following manner: The animal is anesthetized, 

 placed on the table in a dorsal position and securely hoppled. 

 The parts should be thoroughly cleansed with soap and water 

 and disinfected. Pull the penis out of the prepuce as far as 

 possible, and apply a rubber tourniquet at a point above the 

 seat of operation to control the hemorrhage. Incise the 

 penis with a scalpel, and if it is necessary to amputate through 

 the os penis a saw should be used for this portion. The 

 urethra is protected by a catheter previously inserted, and 

 left about one-half inch longer than the stump of the penis. 

 It is split with the scissors on its dorsal surface back to where 

 the penis was incised. The flaps of the urethra are then 

 securely stitched to the stump of the penis to prevent a 

 stricture forming at this point. All vessels should be ligated, 

 and the parts again washed with an antiseptic solution. The 

 tourniquet is removed and the penis allowed to retract back 

 into the prepuce. Cleanse daily with antiseptics. 



CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS. 



Malformations of these structures are not common. 

 Arrested development of the penis or prepuce is seen occa- 

 sionally. Hermaphrodites are not common among dogs. 

 Congenital closure of the prepuce is observed sometimes in 

 puppies, which must be opened with a scalpel and the edges 

 of the skin stitched back to prevent adhesions. 



PREPUTIAL CATARRH. 



Balanitis. 



Definition.— A catarrhal inflammation of the mucous 

 membrane of the prepuce. 



Etiology.— Preputial catarrh may be produced by several 

 different factors : 



(a) Principally local infection. 



(b) Develops in a number of cases secondary to other 

 diseases; venous stasis; phimosis; paraphimosis; injuries, 

 or foreign bodies. 



