MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS 499 



of Peru has been very satisfactory for this purpose. In 

 eczema the surface of the lid should be freed of all scales, 

 and other accumulating material by washing, and astringent 

 antiseptics applied either in the form of solution or dusting 

 powder. Abscesses when present should be opened and 

 proper drainage afforded. All foreign bodies present must 

 be removed and the wound treated with boric acid solution 

 (2 per cent.). 



MALPOSITION OF THE EYELIDS. 



Several malpositions of the eyelids are met with, especially 

 in dogs. Certain breeds of dogs are predisposed thereto from 

 their breeding. The abnormalities most often found are: 

 (a) Entropion, (b) ectropion, (c) ptosis, (d) paralysis of the 

 orbicularis, and (e) spasm of the orbicularis. 



Entropion.— Definition.— An inversion of the eyelids either 

 in part or the entire lid. Entropion is usually complicated 

 with trichiasis in which the eyelashes cause more or less 

 direct irritation and injury to the conjunctiva and cornea. 

 The condition is present in the upper lid in most cases on 

 account of the difference in form. 



Etiology.— It often results from the cicatrization of wounds, 

 chronic inflammation of the lids, and mange. 



Symptoms.— The eyelid is turned inwardly against the 

 cornea. The eyelashes coming in contact with the cornea 

 produce inflammation, suppuration and in some cases ulcera- 

 tion. There is copious discharge of tears, and pus. The 

 conjunctiva will be found reddened and congested. 



Prognosis.— Favorable. The condition can be corrected 

 in the majority of cases. 



Treatment. —The injury to the cornea or conjunctiva may 

 be treated with boric acid solution (2 per cent.). Surgical 

 treatment is necessary in order to afford permanent- relief. 

 An elliptical piece of skin is removed from the eyelid, parallel 

 to the margin and about one-eighth to one-quarter inch 

 from the edge of the lid. 



Entropion forceps are used to grasp a sufficient fold of the 

 skin so that when it is removed and sutured the edge of the 



