vI ANIMAL TRAINING AND INTELLIGENCE 171 
When the animal has learned to stay in the ring, 
and to walk obediently wherever he is directed, 
his weight and personal idiosyncrasies are taken 
into consideration in deciding what he shall do 
next; and the list of things a well-instructed troupe 
will do in a modern menagerie is long and varied. 
Take for example the young—and hence light 
and comparatively nimble — Indian elephants ex- 
hibited first in Europe a few years ago, and later 
shown in circuses and theatres in this country, 
where they are still (1897) on exhibition, the star 
of whom is “ Boney.” 
At a signal from hand or whip one will lie down 
to permit another to place the fore feet on his 
prostrate body; or, mounting upon short pillars, 
some three feet in height, they will stand on their 
fore legs or on their hind legs alone, or on the two 
legs of one side, or the two diagonal legs. Not 
only do they march to music in a manner bur- 
lesquing the action of a circus horse, but will play 
on a hand-organ and a drum simultaneously. The 
couple then dine at a table, ring violently for a 
second course, and pay the bill in the most courte- 
ous manner. 
But the most interesting part of the performance, 
as I saw it, is that in which they show that their 
intelligence or their schooling (or both together) 
has led them to overcome that fear of movable 
objects which is apparently innate ‘in all elephants, 
and due, no doubt, to an appreciation of their 
