VI ANIMAL TRAINING AND INTELLIGENCE 175 
special training. It seems to me better than the 
often-observed behavior of riderless troop-horses, 
which join their squadron, or even another, and 
perform all the evolutions at command of the 
bugle as though guided by a rider. Here their 
naturally gregarious tendencies are only confirmed 
and regulated by discipline, for they are acting in 
concert with a great number of fellows. 
The performing horses of the circus never fail 
to win admiration; and the training of what are 
called waltzing horses appears to have greatly im- 
proved of late. Still, that must have been a very 
striking programme carried out before Louis XIII, 
where horses danced upon their hind legs to the 
music; but here again, as in the case of elephants, 
it was the musicians who kept time with the horses, 
and not the horses with the playing. 
The horse has often been named by enthusiastic 
lovers of this noble-hearted friend and servant of 
‘mankind the most intelligent of animals. Natu- 
ralists deny this. They assert that in some facul- 
ties, as memory, his brain is marvellously endowed. 
He is kind in disposition, grateful and quick to re- 
spond to what he understands; but in a wild state 
he shows little intellect, and outside of a very limited 
range of ideas is dense and slow. No animal is 
more liable to fits of unreasoning panic, when he 
forgets the lessons of a lifetime, and will dash 
headlong against a stone wall or over a precipice 
without a thought of where he is going. 
