VII 4A WOODLAND CODGER 205 
ground with his hind feet, after the manner of a 
hare, jerks himself toward the object of his dread, 
as if to wound it with his spines, and at the same 
time produces a curious noise, by rattling the open 
quills of the tip of his tail.” 
_ This animal is still fairly numerous in Greece, 
Italy, and Sicily, and formerly ranged throughout 
Southern Europe; south of the Mediterranean it 
extends from Tunis to Morocco, and southward 
into the Soudan. A closely similar species takes 
the place of this one in Syria, and ranges thence 
eastward to India, where it injures tank-walls by 
its burrowing, and often destroys vegetable crops: 
hunting it with dogs is a favorite sport in the hill- 
regions. Four or five smaller species, without 
nuchal crests, inhabit northeast India and the 
Malayan coasts and islands; and fossil species of 
Hystrix belong to the upper Tertiary rocks of 
both Asia and Europe. South Africa has also a 
local kind of porcupine. Lastly, mention must 
be made of the brush-tailed porcupines, of the 
genus Atherura, two species of which are found 
in the Malayan region, and one in West Africa ; 
they are smaller than the foregoing, and rejoice in 
long tails tipped with a bunch of peculiar flattened 
scales. A still more specialized form inhabits 
Borneo. Such are the Old World representatives 
of the tribe; and they differ from their New World 
cousins more in anatomical peculiarities and an 
indisposition to climb trees than in anything else, 
