“EARLY” AND “LATE” SALMON RIVERS. 83 
quantity, it has occurred only in places where there 
is a facility afforded for arresting their upward pro- 
gress, and it is supposed that fish of this description 
frequent only those rivers; but I am strongly of 
opinion that they may be found to frequent all large 
rivers, especially where lakes exist, and that their 
supposed absence in some may be accounted for. In 
Scotland they have been taken in the cruives at In- 
vershin where no fish could pass when the cruive 
was closed; and on the Thurso in the same way. In 
Treland, at Waterville and Cara, with impassable 
cruives in the tidal-water at the mouth of the Cara, 
and on the Lann with stake and bag-nets; on the 
Liffey, where the fish were stopped by the Island 
Bridge weir; at Rathnuthin, Murrin, Brundronst, and 
some other places where the fish could not pass up, 
and could not fail to be taken in the cruives. In all 
these places lakes are in question, where the fish 
which ascend in November, December, and January, 
would remain and spawn in the adjacent streams, 
but not until the following autumn. Of this fact I 
have no doubt, from my own observations. The 
lessees of fisheries connected with some of those 
waters will tell you that spawning operations are all 
over before Christmas, and that therefore January 
may be opened without injury; but I have found this 
not to be the fact,as I have seen fish spawning on 
some of them in February when I went to look for 
