130 -OBJECT LESSONS IN BOTAJSTT 



characters of the five great orders following will prove a 

 great saving of time and trouble. 



279. The Ceuoifebs are herbs with alternate leaves, cruci- 

 form flowers (§ 87), two stamens shorter than the other four, 

 and two-celled pods. Example, Mustard. 

 , 280. The Peawokts are. plants with one-celled pods, mostly 

 papilionaceous flowers and compound leaves. Examples, 

 Pea, Bean. 



281. The Umbellifkks have alternate leaves, small, regular, 

 five-parted flowers, in umbels, and- two-seeded fruit. Cara- 

 way. 



282. The Astekworts are herbs with compound flowers, 

 that iiji, with heads composed of many .little five-parted flow- 

 ers apjjearing together like a single flower. Asters, Sun- 

 flower. . 



283. The Labiates are herbs with squai-e stems, opposite 

 leaves, labiate flowers, and fruit deeply cleft into four parts. 

 Peppermint. 



Among Endogens we select two or three orders. 



284. The Oechids. Herbs with very irregular and gro- 

 tesque flowers, and stamens united to' the sfyle. Orchis. 



. 285. The Sedges. Herbs with solid, ^ems ; linear, grass- 

 like leaves (if any), on entire sheaths ; and with green glumes 

 and flowers. 



286. The Gbassbs. Herbs with hollow stems, linear leaves 



on split sheaths, and with green glumes and flowers. 



., . S : 



279. Define tlie Crucifers 280,_ The Peaworts 



381. The Umtellifers. 283.' The Aetervvorts. 



283. Tlie Labiates. 284. Define also the Orchids. 



385. The Sedges. 286 The Grasses. 



