134 \i"ri':RiN.\R\' rA'iiii)i,{)(;\-. 



Effects. — The outcome of venous 113'peremia depends upon 

 the cause, degree, chiration and organs afl'ectcd. Thus venous 

 hvperemia resulting frdin infective phlebitis is more serious 

 than if caused h\- noninfecti\e agencies. A \'enous hyperemia 

 caused by complete obstruction of a \ein is more likely to be 

 fatal than one resulting from partial obstruction. Venous hy- 

 peremia of short duration is usualU- 1 if little consecpience but, 

 if li)iig ciTntinued, it results in necrosis or fibrosis depending 

 upiin the degree of obstruction. N'ennus hyperemia of vital 

 tirgans, as the brain or lungs, is more likely to ha\'e a fatal 

 termination than if some less important structure as a muscle 

 \\ere in\-ol\-ed. 



Therapeutic J'enoiis Hyperemia |)roper]y ]")ro(luced results in 

 (a), diminution (if iiain, probabh- because of the dilution of the 

 irritating substances (b), destruction nf bacteria, the accumulated 

 bliHid serum pdssessing strong bactericidal ])roperties (c), in- 

 creased nutritiiin because of tlie increased amount cif blood. 

 I'ier's Inperemic treatment of (ipen joints by producing venous 

 h\-peremia illustrates this type. 



Patlidlof/ic J'eiioiis 1 1 ypereiiiia may result in fibrosis, oedema, 

 thrombosis, necrosis, or recdvery. A long continued slight ven- 

 ous ln']ieremia usnall\' results in 'fibrosis and is noted in 

 the li\'er of animals affected with a slight tricuspid insuiifi- 

 ciencv or stenrisis. .\ marked venous hy])eremia, but ndt 

 caused l^v complete venous olistruction usually results in 

 oedema, and is Udted in the peritoneal ca\it_y (ascites), in animals 

 in which the portal circulation is partially obstructed. Venous 

 hvperemia caused bv com])lete obstruction results in throm- 

 bosis and is observed in intussusce|)tion of the intestines. If other 

 venous channels are unable to convev the blood from a part in 

 which there is a complete venous thrombus, necrosis occurs as 

 in strangulated herniae. X'ennus hvperemia of short duration, 

 even though it is rpiite extensive, results in complete recoverv if 

 the cause is removed and the tissues are repaired. 



