American Wood-Preservers' Association 11 



2. Plants thin, spread out flat on surface of wood, not shelving: 



a. Fruiting-bodies watery-white to creamy or smoky gray, forming a 



somewhat cartilaginous membrane which dries to a brittle crust 

 and is easily separable from the wood; mycelial stage very abun- 

 dant as a fluffy-white growth of coarse matted threads; on conifers 

 (pines, etc.) only. Peniophora gigantea. 



b. Fruiting-bodies bright yellow, resembling paint; on hardwoods. 



Hypocrea citrina. 



E. Fruiting-bodies in the form of smooth, or almost smooth, more or less globose 



"buttons." 



1. Buttons small, numerous, black when mature, but covered with <x clay 



colored "bloom" when young; on beech. Hypoxylon coliaerens. 



2. Buttons somewhat larger, up to J4 inch in diameter, reddish-brown; on 



beech. Hypoxylon coccineum. 



3. Buttons large, up to one or two inches in diameter, black tinged with 



olive green on the surface; charcoal-like and distinctly layered within; 

 on hardwoods. Daldinia concentric a. 



F. Fruiting-bodies black, crumpled, jelly-like, spread over surface of wood; wher. 



dry shrink to a thin, shiny, black, brittle membrane; on hardwoods. E.vidia 

 glandulosa. 



G. Fruiting-bodies minute, usually requiring magnifying glass to see; occur on 



surface of wood intermixed with mycelium. 



1. Fruiting-bodies black, like stiff bristles with swollen base; mycelium 



matted, dark brownish to black ; fungus produces blue discoloration in 

 sap wood of both hardwoods and conifers, particularly red gum and 

 pines. Blue Stain (Ceratostomella spp.) 



2. Fruiting-bodies minute, scattered, depressed globose seated on a compact 



olive brown to blackish felt-like mycelium growing over surface of 

 wood; to casual observer looks like olive-black stain on the ends of ties; 

 produces a bluish-black stain in the wood which does not extend far in. 

 Olive black mold (Lasiosphaeria pezizula.) 



Brief Description of the Fungi Reported in the Present Paper 



In identifying the fungi found on structural timbers it should be 

 kept in mind that the fruiting-bodies are very often small and abnormal 

 or immature, making their determination correspondingly difficult. 

 Each fungus, however, usually has sufficient well-marked characters so 

 that even though the form and size be changed, other satisfactory clues 

 remain to guide us. The present article cannot hope to cover the 

 situation in more than a cursory fashion, but even the little offered may 

 prove of some assistance, at least by stimulating an interest in the 

 subject. Undoubtedly many more species than those recorded for 

 the regions under consideration will turn up as the number of observers 

 increase, and these will prove more or less confusing, as there is always 

 a tendency in this kind of work to tie up the unknown with the known. 

 In cases of doubt the services of an expert should be sought if the 

 specimens, after careful comparison with the illustrations and descrip- 

 tions herein given, fail to tally in the essential characters. 



Pholiota Adiposa 

 (Plate VII, Figs. 2 and 6) 

 This is a moderately large, fleshy fungus of the mushroom type 

 with an expanded cap and a more or less central stem. The cap is 

 usually convex, sticky when fresh or moist, and covered with scattered 

 brownish scales. The gills or plates on the underside of the cap are 

 yellow at first but soon become brown, due to the abundance of rusty 

 colored spores which are produced on their surfaces. The stem is 

 rather thick, yellowish, and scaly over the lower portion. It is usually 



