FUNGI CONTINUED: CLASSIFICATION. 



215 



ant 



blight (Phytophthora), the white rust of cruciferous plants (Cystopus = 

 Albugo), the damping-off fungus (P\-thium), and man^■ parasites of the 

 dlgce known as chytrids, as OlpicHum, Rhizophiflium, Lagenidium, Chytri- 

 diuni, etc. 



The two following orders are sometimes placed in a separate subclass, 

 Archimycetes. 



433. Order Chytridiales (Chytridinese). — These include the lowest fungi. 

 Many of them arc parasitic on alg;c and lack mycelium, the s^^■arm spore 

 either with or without minute rhi^oids, developing into a globose sporan- 

 gium (Rhizophidium, Chytridium, Olpidium, etc., fig. 240), or the swarm 

 spore attached to the wall of the host develops into a l(jng sword-shapcd 

 body with a sterile base, which proUferates . - ^ 



and forms a new sporangium in the old one 

 (Harpochytrium), or with shght develop- 

 ment of mycelium in aquatic plants (Cla- 

 doch}i:rium). Some are parasitic in leaves 

 and stems of land plants. Synchytrium 

 decipiens is very common on the trailing 

 legume, Amphicarpffia monoica. 



434. Order Ancylistales (Ancylistinese). 

 — The members of this order have a slight 

 development of mycelium and many are 

 parasitic in alg:e (Lagenidium, fig. 249). 



435. Order Saprolegniales (Saproleg- 

 niinese). — These include the water molds 

 (Saprolegnia). See Chapter XIX. 



436. Order Monoblepharidales (Mono- 

 blepharidineae). — These are pccuHar water 

 molds, related to the Saprolegniales, but 

 motile sperm cells are formed (Monoble- 

 pharis, etc., fig. 2^0). Fig. 250. 



437. Order Peronosporales (Peronospori- ten'" En^'Sf^ll^hXTons lo^gol 

 nese). — These include the downv mildews mum (oofC) and anthendium {ani) 



' , Sperms escaping from antheridium 



(Peronospora, Plasmopara, Phytopthora, and creeping up on the oogonium. 



etc.), and the white rust of crucifers and <^"'^'' Thaxter.) 

 other plants (Cystopus= Albugo), Chapter XIX. 



2. SUBCLASS ZYGOMYCETES. 



438. These are the conjugating fungi. 



439. Order Mucorales (Mucorineae). — This includes the black mold and 

 its many relatives ("Mucor, Rhizopus, etc.). Chapter XIX. 



440. Order Entomophthorales (Entomophthorineae). — This order in- 

 cludes the "fly fungus" (Empusa) and its many relatives parasitic oninsects, 



