444 



RELA riON' TO ENVIRONMENT, 



at tlie end near tlie fictwer sialk. In doiiit^ tliis it passes the stigma first aii<l 

 the anther hist, rnlibiiiL; ai^aiiist hntit. The jujllrn cauglit (jh the liead of 



"^ 



r;g. 4'.3. 



Proterandry ill tliti bell-flowei" (campanula). Left figure sliows the syngenctcious stamens 

 surrounding the immature style and stigma. Middle figiire shows the immature stigma being 

 pushed through the tube and brusliing out the pollen ; while in the right-hand figure, after 

 the pollen has disappeared, the lobes of the stigma open out to receive pollen from another 

 flower. 



the insect, will nut touch the stigma of the same flower, but will be in posi- 

 tion to come in contact with the stigma of the next flower visited 



858. Epipactis. — In ei)ipactis the action of the polliiiia, which move 

 downward, is described iti fig. 469. 



Fig. Y^^. 



Kalmia latif<.lia, showing ]:nsition of aiitlu-rs before insect visits, and at the ri^^ht rhe 

 scatteriug of the pnllcii when distuibed by insecLs. JVliddle liguie section ot llouer. * 



849 In some of tlie tropical orchids tin- pollinia are >el free wlieii the insect 

 touches a certain ]iart of llic Ihtwrr, .md arc thiown in such a w.n- that the 

 disk of the pollinium strikes Ihc in-ei t's head and slands ujirii^ht. \\\ ihe 

 time the insect reaches another flower the poUiniuin lias bent d(.iwnward sutii- 



