GENUS. FAMILY, ETC. 



489 



mottled leaves. The smaller plants have no flower and but 



one leaf, while the 



bulb is nearer the 



surface. Each year 



new bulbs are 



formed at the end 



of runners from a 



parent bulb. These 



runners penetrate 



each year deeper 



into the soil. The 



deeper bulbs bear 



the flower stems. 



933. Genus lil- 

 ium. — While the 

 lily dift'ers from 

 either the trillium 

 or ervthronium, yet 

 we recognize a re- 

 lationship when we 

 compare the peri- 

 anth of six col- 

 ored parts, the 6 

 stamens, and the 

 3 -sided and long 

 3-loculed ovary. 



934. Family Liliacese. — The relationship between genera, as 

 between trillium, ervthronium, and lilium, brings us to a still 

 higher order of relationship, where the limits are broader than in 

 the genus. Genera which are thus related make up the family. 

 In the case of these genera the family has been named after the 

 lily, and is the lily family, or Liliacea:. 



935. Order, class, group. — In like manner the lily family, 

 the iris familv, the amar^Ilis family, and others which show 

 characters of close relationsliip are united into an order which 

 has Ijroader limits than the familv. This order is the lilv order. 



Fig. 406. 

 Adder-tongue (erythronium). \t left below pistil, and 

 three stamens opposite three parts of the perianth. Bulb 

 at the right. 



