590 Lxii. ONAGEACEJ). (C. B. Clarke.) {Trafa. 



5. TKAPA, lifin. 



Ploatina; herbs. Leaves dimorpMc ; submersed opposite, root-like, pinnati- 

 partite, with filiform segments ; emersed rosulate, rhomhoidal, the petiole with 

 a spongy dilatation near its apex. Flowers axillary, solitary, peduncled. Calyx- 

 tube short, adnate to the lower part of the ovary ; limb 4r-partite, 2 or all the 

 segments persistent and becoming spineseent on the fruit. Petals 4, white, 

 small, inserted at the margin of an epigynous disc. Stamens 4. Ovary half- 

 inferior, with a conical vertex, S-celled; style subulate, stigma capitate; ovule 

 solitary in each cell, pendulous from the upper inner angle. Fruit bony, 

 1-celled, large, ohovoid, with 4 angles, 2 or aU of which carry spines, indehis^- 

 cent, with a short cylindric beak at the top through which the radicle is pro- 

 truded. Seed 1, inverse, cotyledons very unequal. — DisiKiB. Species 2, ex- 

 tending through the warmer parts of the Old World, from Central Europe to 

 China and to Tropical Africa. 



1. T. bispinosa, Moxb. Cor. PI. 234; Hort. Beng. H ; Fl. Ind. i. 428; 

 leaves usually very villous beneath, fruit with 2 angles spineseent. DC. Prodr. 

 iii. 64; Wall. Cat. 6339; W. 8f A. Prodr. 337; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. i. 

 636 ; Dalz. Sr Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 99 ; Kurz in Journ. As. Soe. 1877, pt. ii. 91. T. 

 quadrispinosa. Wall. Cat. 6340 not Pox b. — JRheede Sort, Mai. xi. t. 33. 



Throughout Ikdia and Ceylon. — Disteie. South-eastern Asia and Malaya; Tro- 

 pical Africa. 



In the Eoxburghian type, floating leaves 2 by 2A-3 in., very villous beneath, pos- 

 terior margin entire, anterior lightly crenate ; petiole 4-6 in., woolly. Fruit J in. 

 long and broad, glabrous or hairy ; tTco opposite angles each with an often retrorsely 

 scabrous spine, the other two angles sometimes obsolete. — Very doubtfully distinct 

 from the next species as Wallich has noted on his specimens. 



Vae. innisa. Wall. ; leaves much smaller about | in. much less villous beneath 

 incise serrate on the anterior margin. — Marked also T. quadrispinosa by Wallich ; 

 but though the leaves are the leaves of T. nutans, the fruit is that of T. bispinosa. 



2. T. natans, Linn. ; DC. Prodr. iii. 63 ; leaves sparingly villous on the 

 nerves beneath, fruit with all 4 angles carrying spines. Lamk. lU. t. 75 ; Boiss. 

 Fl. Orient, ii. 753. T. quadrispinosa, Poxb. Hoj-t. Beng. 11 ; Fl. Ind. i. 451 ; 

 DC. I. c. 



Kashmir ; Falconer, Jacquemont. Silhet ; Roxburgh (but no example thence at 

 Kew). — DisTBiB. Persia to Central Europe and the Upper Nile. 



Jloating leaves 1 in., dentate or incise-dentate on the anterior margin; petiole 

 2-4 in., glabrescent. Frnit | in. broad, the 4 angles all spineseent but the two lateral 

 spines shorter. 



Oedek LXIII. SAMYDACES:. (By C. B. Clarke, F.L.S.) 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, often distichous, petioled occasionally 

 subsessile, simple, entirely or lightly crenate or serrate, often closely punctulate 

 beneath; stipules small, deciduoxis. Flowers regular, small, axillary, shortly 

 pedicelled, densely fascicled or in long simple or panicled racemes. Calyx 

 coriaceous, persistent ; tube short, free, or longer and adnate to the ovary ; 

 limb 3-7-fid. Petals as many as the calyx-lobes (or 0), perigynous, imbricated. 

 Stamens definite or indefinite, often with staminodes between or united in a 

 tube with them. Ovary superior or half-superior, 1-celled ; style 1, capitate or 



