TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



The New Things of Biology, 

 Time, the Sexton, . 

 Duckbill and Echidna, 

 Groups of the Mammalia, . 

 Charles Darwin, 

 The first Historical Man, . 

 The Australian Region, 

 The first Creature with Nails, 

 Primary Amphibia, . 

 Protozoa and Metazoa, 

 Low Ancestral Types, 

 Family Arrangements, 



LECTUEE II. 

 Pkotothekia (Monotkemata). 



The Duck-billed Platypus, 



Negative Evidence, . 



The Ceratodus a Gift of Provi 



dence 



The Lancelet and Sea-squid, 

 TheAxolotl, ... 

 Lower parts of the Earth, . 

 Mammalian Advance, 

 The Prototheria quasi-Reptilian 

 Shoulder-bones of Duckbill, 

 Three Collar-bones in Mono 



tremes 



Extinct Birds, . 

 Feeling the Way upwards. 

 The Duckbill's Skull, 

 Opening a new Scroll, 

 Hingeing of the Lower Jaw, 

 Surgery or Horticulture, . 

 Formation of the Lower Jaw, 



25 

 26 



27 

 28 

 29 

 30 

 31 

 32 



34 



35 

 36 

 37 

 38 

 39 

 40 

 41 



Compound Nature of the Lower 



Jaw, .... 4-J 



Bones forming the Ear-chain, 43 



New Elements of the Ear, . 44 



The Egg-breaking Beak, . 45 



The Frog's Kindred, . 46 



Ancestors of the Mammalia, . 47 



Young Duckbills, ... 48 



All Auimals come from Eggs, . 49 



Evolution of a Hauy Creature, . 50 



Relation ofMammals to Reptiles, 51 



Jacobson's Organs, . . 52 



Old and New Structures, . . 53 



A Country without Birds, 54 



Skeleton of the Prototheria, . 5.^ 



Primary Respiratory Organ, . 56 

 Respiration of a Soft-shelled 



Turtle, 57 



Oxygen consumed in Pharyngeal 



Respiration, .... 58 



