134 THE PRINCIPAL SPECIES OF IVOOD. 



White Pine. Pinus strvbus Linn. 



Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) 



White Pine (local and com- Soft Pine (Pa.). 



mon name). Northern Pine (N. C). 



Weymouth Pine (JMass., Spruce Pine (Tenn.). 



S. C). Pumpkin Pine. 



Locality. 



North-central and northeastern United States, northward into 

 Canada, southward to Illinois, and along the Alleghanies into 

 Georgia, intermittently. 



Features of Tree. 



Seventy-five to one hundred and fifty feet in height. Three to 

 six feet in diameter, sometimes larger. Erect impressive 

 form. Tufts of five soft, slender, evergreen leaves in long 

 sheath. Cones four to six inches long, one inch thick, 

 slightly curved. 



Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. 



Heartwood cream-white, sapwood nearly white. Close, straight 

 grain. Compact structure. Comparatively free from knots 

 and resin. 



Structural Qualities of Wood. 



Soft, uniform, seasons well, easy to work, nails without splitting, 

 fairly durable. Lightest and weakest of eastern United 

 States pines. Shrinks less than other pines. 



Representative Uses of Wood. 



Carpentry, construction, matches, spars, boxes, numerous uses. 



Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 

 24 (U. S. Forestry Div.).* 

 24. 



Modulus of Elasticity. 



1,390,000 (average of 130 tests by U. S. Forestrj' Div.).* 

 I, 210,000. 



Modulus of Rupture. 



7900 (average of 120 tests by U. S. Forestry Div.).* 



Remarks. 



Formerly the chief lumber tree of the United States. The 

 supply is rapidly diminishing. 



* See page 6. 

 'The White Pine." Spaulding. U. S Forestry Bui. No. 22. 

 'White Pme" .» Study. Mr. Gifford Pinchot. (Century Co.) 

 • Wlute Pnie Timber .Suppliei. " U. S. Doc. 40 Senate, 55-1, Vol. IV. 



