LESSON 3 
DESIGN 
HE purpose of this lesson is to develop the idea 
© of design and to give the pupil a few elementary 
exercises dealing with problems in this field. 
It has already been explained in lesson 1 
that landscape gardening is an art which seeks 
to promote beauty. One of the principal aids to 
beauty is order, and order is achieved by design. 
Definition 
_ Design might be defined as the orderly arrangement of all the 
elements in a given area. The best design is that which achieves 
the greatest degree of order, and the poorest design is one which 
shows the maximum of disorder. 
The most direct means of gaining order is to increase the num- 
ber of agreements among objects. If objects are all of the same 
size, form, color, much has been gained in comparison with a field 
in which the objects are of miscellaneous sizes, forms and colors. 
However after the designer has secured objects all alike an additional 
and important degree of beauty can be gained by their orderly 
arrangement. They may be placed with their main lines standing 
in the same direction; they may all be placed in the same plane; 
they may be arranged in straight rows or circles, or in some other 
easily understood figure — that is in some understandable order. 
Illustration 
The accompanying diagram may be allowed to represent a 
public square planted in four different ways. In diagram A the 
trees are of various species, some deciduous, some evergreens, and 
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