TEXTBOOK OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING 
will be (a) the shape of the area, (b) topography, (c) convenience 
of travel between important points, (d) development of views. 
4. To secure unity of artistic effect a suitable motive or theme 
should be selected and should be adhered to as closely as possible. 
Under no circumstances should effects at variance with the leading 
motive be introduced. 
5. The successive episodes in the development of this motive 
will appear at well marked points, which points will all be upon the 
main structural roads or paths, thus developing the theme in a 
paragraphic manner. 
6. The principal landscape effects will be brought together at 
these paragraphic points. At these points will occur (a) the prin- 
cipal changes in direction of roads or paths, (b) principal change of 
grade, (c) change of planting, (d) principal interior or exterior views, 
(e) but especially the culmination of the motive episode. 
7. It is desirable to avoid the use of straight lines and radial 
curves; but awkward, and unnatural curved or crooked lines must 
be equally avoided. 
Illustration 
The example here offered shows a wild garden approximately 120 
x 270 feet in size and lying in a ravine at the back of a larger 
home lot. This home lot is at the top of a bank southeastward from 
the wild garden into which it merges. 
This ravine has a small running brook which has been dammed 
at the lower end to form an artificial pool. This brook is the leading 
feature of the area and naturally should be adopted as the principal 
motive. The banks are well set with good native trees and native 
shrubbery. There are also many native wild flowers, and more 
can be introduced. Even the marsh is a delightfully picturesque | 
feature inhabited by red-winged blackbirds. 
The comparatively high wooded bank supplies a practicable 
enclosure with a sense of privacy and unity. (Rule 1.) 
The main structural feature is a walk which comes down from 
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