TEXTBOOK OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING 
formal and makes a rather better lawn specimen. It does well for 
street planting where not too crowded. 
Tulip Tree: (Liriodendron) Makes a large tree and is very 
satisfactory where it has room enough. 
Walnut: The native black walnut is worth planting in the 
middle states. The Japanese walnuts make good trees when prop- 
erly placed in park plantings. 
Willow: There are many species of willows which can be used 
making excellent effects especially on low land and along water 
courses. 
Small Trees 
There are several small trees, some of them hardly more than 
shrubs, which are exceedingly useful to the landscape gardener. 
Amongst these the apple should have prominent mention. The 
common apple tree is a very desirable feature on many home grounds 
and is indeed well adapted for certain uses in park planting. The 
ornamental apples, such as Bechtel’s and Parkman’s crabs, are 
effective ornamental trees. 
The hawthorns also fall into this class of small trees. They 
are of considerable importance in landscape gardening. 
Various species of plums are also useful. In this list may also 
be placed the Buffalo berry (Shepherdia), valuable on the north- 
western plains; also the mountain ash (Sorbus) valuable in the 
north. 
Evergreen Trees 
Cedars: The native red cedar or juniper makes a striking small 
tree which thrives on dry warm upland 
Arborvitae or white cedar is a characteristic tree in northeastern 
states along swamps and lake shores. It is valuable chiefly as a 
hedge tree. 
Hemlock: Makes an excellent hedge when carefully pruned 
and is a good tree for mass planting in cool soils with northern ex- 
posures. 
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