382 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



The pods of seals driven up to the clubbers are about the same size as always. 

 Occasionally the club is thrown at an escaping killable seal. It brings down the 

 animal almost as surely as if struck by the club in the hand. Sometimes a killable 

 seal is struck in this way among the bulls which can not otherwise be reached. This 

 method of killing, however, is discouraged by the Government oflBcials because of 

 criticism, and is not often resorted to. 



No females are driven up from the rookeries. Occasionally a female hauls up 

 with the bachelors, especially after the last of July, and gets driven in. They are 

 never found in the early part of July. Such females are easily recognized and rejected 

 by the clubbers. 



EBEF EOOKEEY. 



On the Reef, Dr. Jordan found that the 2 little cows seen at the Point on Sunday 

 were gone. The rocks were drenched with surf, which is still high. The isolated 

 harem on the west side contains the bull, 2 cows, and several pups, all drenched with 

 surf. The wounded cow is also gone. 



ARDIGUEN. 



The bull Z is in his place. The young bull T has several cows near him, and 

 thinks he owns them; he tries to round them up. 



The white half bull on Zoltoi occupies the same place as for a week or more, on 

 the rocks above the water. 



GORBATOH. 



Only 4 dead pups washed up by the surf are seen on Gorbatch. The waves 

 are excessively high. A seal in a breaking wave looks like a great fish. But i 

 dead pup to be seen in the long slide at Gorbatch Point. So steep is it that the 

 moving bulls slip and shove the pups along without trampling them. 



The seals at Gorbatch have for the most part moved up out of the reach of the 

 surf. There are 3 seal-lion bulls lying out on the rocks at the point where there have 

 been but 2 for some time past. 



PHOTOGRAPHS. 



Mr. Macoun photographed Kitovi and Lukanin rookeries again this morning. 

 Photographs taken at this time are of interest as showing comparative changes for 

 this season, but are not reliable as giving data concerning the extent or population of 

 the rookeries. The greater part of the mothers are at sea and the rookeries are now 

 full of half bulls and virgin cows. After July 20 (ijrobably before, but it is clearly 

 marked then), the rookeries lose their distinctive forms. The pups gradually work 

 up the slopes, the mothers follow them, and many harems, mostly small, are formed 

 beyond the original lines of the rookery in charge of half bulls. The virgin cows 

 become numerous about the 28th of July. Dates regarding these matters can not be 

 made very definite, as the changes are all very gradual and vary in dif3ferent sets of 

 harems. Photographs, to be of value, should be taken on practically the same dates 

 in successive years, and those to show conditions in the breeding season must be taken 

 between the 10th and 20th of July. 



Many bulls that have had no cows in the height of the season probably now have 

 a considerable number of late arriving cows and virgins. 



