THE COUNT OF DEAD PUPS. 399 



The sandy area at the angle of the cliffs was an important death trap. Harems 

 were here crowded close together. To the first small projecting cliff 94 dead pups 

 were found. There were 93 on the lower section of the sandy depression which drains 

 down to the foot of the cliff"; 35 were on the rocks at the immediate foot, and 58 on 

 the flat beyond and within 25 feet of the edge. One dead pup lies on the rocks. 



Beyond there is another depression draining down to a runway or break in the 

 cliff'. There are 48 dead pups on the stones at the foot and 28 are visible within a 

 short distance of the level edge. 



A number of bulls at this point are very fierce and immovable. The cows for 

 the most part give way. One harem of 2 cows seems very little inclined to move. 

 Tbe bull is willing to fight all comers. On going around to the other side it is found 

 that one of the cows has just given birth to a pup. The placenta is still attached to 

 the pup and also the cow. This accounts for her courage and the courage of her 

 master. She shows the maternal instinct of protection and stands guard over her 

 offspring. She is not further disturbed. 



There are 21 more dead pups to the break in the cliff" wall at the green moss-covered 

 rock. On either side of this rock is a runway frequented by cows and bulls. At the 

 meeting point below are 6 flattened dead pups closely packed together. There are 32 

 pups in all at this runway and on the rocks about its mouth. There are 57 on the flat 

 above within 50 feet of the rock. 



In another runway beyond there are 13 in the slide and 6 at the mouth on the flat 

 above. There are 15 dead pups on the flat to the little runway that goes down just 

 beyond Polovina Point. 



In retracing the rookery on the flat above 84 outlying dead pups are found, 4 dead 

 cows, and 1 dead bull, making in all 635 dead pups. 



The count of Polovina finished, the trip to Northeast Point was resumed, arriving 

 at 1.30, 



NORTHEAST POINT. 



After luQch Dr. Jordan, Professor Thompson, and Mr. Macoun began to count the 

 breeding ground on the west half of the point, beginning at the southernmost end 

 and working up toward the top. Mr. Clark, accompa"nied by Judge Crowley, took the 

 east side, beginning just opposite the village and counting round toward the west to 

 meet the others. 



VOSTOCHNI. 



At the most southern patch on the west side, Dr. Jordan found favorable rookery 

 conditions, the ground being covered with coarse bowlders. 



Some yearling cows were seen, and there was much stewing among the bulls over 

 them. One cow of very large size was seen, weighing perhaps 100 pounds. 



One dead male pup, greatly emaciated, was dissected. Lungs found congested ; 

 evidently starving; no fat whatever. Had probably been run over by a bull while in 

 weak condition. One dead cow and 1 dead bull were seen in this patch and 59 dead 

 pups were counted. 



The second patch is likewise covered with coarse bowlders, and is favorable 

 rookery ground. The bulls are pretty fierce. The pups are unusually fine looking. 

 Yearling cows are running with the pups, playing with them and acting like them. 

 They are full of curiosity. One starving pup seen. 



