408 THE FUK SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



Farther to the south, on the ragged rocky slope between the green cliffs, there are 

 few dead pups. Its extreme steepness and the numerous angular bowlders protect it 

 well. There are very few pups dead along the cliffs to the south, except in some 

 places where the rocks are smooth and the bowlders far apart. All the dead pups 

 found along the cliffs died early. The total for the cliff portion of the rookery was 289. 



The number of pups washed up on English Bay by the high surf ten days ago 

 has now grown to 232. All of these are pups long dead, most with the umbilical cord 

 attached. Some of the pups found on the rocks at the water front below the sandy 

 flat seem to have been drowned; but the whole number of the pups drowned is very 

 small — not over a dozen. The total for Tolstoi rookery is, therefore, 1,895 dead pups, 7 

 cows, aud 1 bull. 



The bulls in the center of the great wedge-shaped mass are more ferocious than 

 the outlying ones. Those near the water and at the head of the cMffs are easily driven. 

 But some of the old ones can not be moved at all. 



Very many pups just beginning to starve are noticed. A few are nearly gone. 

 Most of these seem fairly attributable to pelagic sealing. 



Mr. Lucas notes that at Tolstoi a small starving pup ran at him aud bit a dead 

 pup he was carrying so firmly that the living pup was raised from the ground and 

 carried several steps hanging to the dead one. 



A number of dissections were made, but as the results do not differ materially 

 from those already given they need not be here recorded in detail. They will be 

 treated by Mr. Lucas in another connection. 



PARTIAL COUNT OF LITE PUPS. 



On the way home an attempt was made to count the living pups on the Lagoon 

 rookery. Mr. Macoun and Mr. Clark made the count of live pups while Dr. Jordan 

 counted the dead pups. 



For a part of Lagoon rookery the count of live pups was easily made. But at 

 the extreme end, where the harems spread over the entire width of the rookery, the 

 count became difiQcult. Many of the pups also were in the water on the lagoon side. 

 As it seemed impossible to make an accurate count of the remaining pups, the work 

 was abandoned until another time. On footing up the pods of pups counted, how- 

 ever, several hundred more live pups were found to have been counted than there 

 were cows on the entire rookery in the height of the season. Mr. Clark's count was 

 over 1,600, while the whole number of cows on Lagoon rookery was only 1,474. This 

 state of affairs raises an interesting problem and makes it necessary to count the live 

 pups, for they are evidently largely in excess of the apparent number of cows. 



LAGOON DEAD PUPS. 



Seventy-eight dead pups were found on the lagoon, 4 dead cows, and 2 dead bulls. 



One cow was seen with two bloody spots on her neck from which blood was 

 dripping. She was either shot or speared. She had just given birth to a pup, which 

 was doing well; the youngest of the season so far. About half of the dead pups on 

 the Lagoon rookery are wedged in among the rocks below the level of the surf. Many 

 of them are fresh looking, as if they had been drowned in the high surf of a few days 

 ago. The usual number of pups beginning to starve were seen here. A small 

 percentage of the dead had probably starved. 



