536 THE FUR SEALS OF THE PEIBILOF ISLANDS. 



this no record of arrivals could be kept. Two pups were born to the harem at 

 3 p. m. of the 21st. The first pup in the harem was born on the 19th at between 

 8 and 9 o'clock a. m. Beyond this the record of pups is not known. 



Close watch has been kept of this harem, among others, and it is probable that 

 this is the first case of copulation, and that the cow is the earliest arrival, making the 

 time about eight days. Even if it were the second or third case it would doubtless 

 be one of the two landing on the 20th. While this data is only approximate, it is 

 fairly definite. 



The first cow seen to have arrived on Lukanin is still present without a pup, and 

 she has given no evidence of coming in heat. 



JUNE 27. 



I visited Lukanin and Kitovi this morning. It is still clear and bright, unprece- 

 dented weather for St. Paul. 



I counted the cows on Lukanin and found 257; there are 105 cows on the 

 Amphitheater, with the usual number of bulls. 



At 9 o'clock in the evening another visit was made to these rookeries. The torn 

 cow under the cliff is much more badly injured than she was at noon to-day. She 

 seems in no condition to make any attempt to escape, and it is hard to see any reason 

 for the renewed attacks upon her. Perhaps the taste of blood has rendered the bull 

 unusually savage. 



It seems likely that the bulls and cows drink whenever the water is conveniently 

 within reach. At high tide a number of the bulls are reached by the water. Several 

 of the harems are flooded when there is the least surf, pups and cows getting up on 

 the rocks. At these times the bulls are seen to put their heads down into the water 

 aud hold them up as if drinking. At least a dozen instances of this have been seen. 



A case of copulation , was witnessed in the harem containing the cow which has 

 been out since the 12th. She has not yet had a pup. A second cow was added to 

 this harem on the 21st at 10 o'clock a. m. and gave birth to her pup at about noon of 

 the 22d. The copulation must have been with this second cow. There are at present 

 5 cows in the harem, but the remaining 3 are recent arrivals and have not had pups. 

 This copulation occurring at 9.30 of the 27th must be about 129 hours after delivery 

 of the pup. 



A pup in this same harem was born under the nose of a cow, which was greatly 

 annoyed, and picked up the pup at least a dozen times in a quarter of an hour, 

 shaking it like a wet rat. The newly made mother protested mildly, but both cows 

 were too lazy to change their positions, and so tbe poor pup had to take it. 



Two harems are located in a place which at high tide is partially covered with 

 water, and if there is any surf it washes over the rocks. The pups are perched up on 

 the projecting rocks and are shoved oft' into the water when any commotion occurs in 

 the harem. None have been seen so far to be washed away, but if a heavy surf were 

 running these pups must move back or be washed away. 



The mother and pup which have been noted as separated on account of the 

 stealing of the cow have not yet got together. The cow is calling at infrequent 

 intervals and the pup answers, but it is so hemmed in by the rocks that it invariably 

 loses its way. To morrow it will have been 72 hours away from its mother. The two 

 are separated by about 15 feet of space containing, however, a large stone. 



