574 THE PUR ^EALS OP THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



The pups are in the water by huudreds along the front of these rookeries. None 

 are seen to do much in the way of swimming, but they paddle about and occasionally 

 one gets out where the water is deep. Wet pups are to be seen wherever pups are, 

 even to the outermost line of them. 



One case of copulation was witnessed, and several fresh placentae are to be seen. 



DE. JORDAN'S NOTES. 



The northeast corner of Tolstoi rookery does not reach within 5 rods of either of 

 the 2 crosses which Townsend marked in 1895. A much greater extent of the sand 

 flat is bare. 



Uncinaria seems to be the cause of many deaths, especially on crowded rookery 

 spaces, as on Tolstoi. The eggs of the parasite must be held in the sand and taken 

 into the mouth of the pup from the fur of its companions, or perhaps while nursing. 



The pups on Tolstoi sand flat are certainly much less vigorous than on rocky 

 rookeries. Those dead are not emaciated. The eyes of the sick pups are dull; the 

 skin of the belly is flabby. 



A pup growing gray and evidently starving was killed. It had a few Uncinaria. 



On English Bay the pups are apparently much more healthy. 



A young seal with 1 broken flipper hastens into the water on 3 flippers. He 

 swims off, using his 2 hind flippers, striking out with both together. Seals usually 

 put their hind flippers together and use them as a sort of rudder. 



A cow on Zapadui Eeef has a big patch of skin off the shoulder, doubtless due to 

 the bite of a bull. There are many torn cows this year, and nearly every bull is 

 seamed with scars and bites. 



On Kitovi there is a whitish bull with a harem which looks very much like our 

 white friend of last season on Gorbatch. In several large pods of pups on Kitovi no 

 sick ones are to be seen. One female has a piece 6 by 8 inches torn from her shoulder 

 and the flap skin hangs down. 



JULY 30. 



We all went this morning to Zapadni rookery, landing at Southwest Bay. Six 

 bulls were driven up from beyond the end of Little Zapadui rookery and shot for 

 dissection, their skins being saved for museum purposes. These bulls were idle, and 

 at a distance from the harems. Some were scarred and torn, showing that they had 

 at some time during the season sought places on the rookeries. 



SOUTHWEST POINT. 



I walked to Southwest Point to examine the old hauling ground there. At a 

 point about halfway between the watch house and the point there was a group of 

 about 30 old bulls hauled out. At the point itself were 60 bulls of all classes, from 

 those old and brown enough to have been harem masters down to young half bulls. 

 There were no bachelors hauled out, though a number were seen swimming about in 

 the water. They apparently came from the direction of IJfortheast Point. 



On a rock just below Southwest Point were about 75 to 100 hair seals. They 

 sighted us at very long range and went into the water, swimming about, watching us 

 curiously. 



The bulls on Southwest Point were not hauled out on what was evidently the 

 regular hauling ground, but lay on the sand in a little cove. 



