TIME AND CHANGE 
out the element of time and we have before us a 
spectacle more novel and startling than any ho- 
cus-pocus or legerdemain that ever set the crowd 
agape. 
In every form man has passed through, he left 
behind some old member or power and took on some 
new. He left his air-bladder and his gills and his fins 
with the fishes; he got his lungs from the dipno- 
ans, the precursors of the amphibians, and from 
these last he got his four limbs; he left some part of 
his anatomy with the reptile, and took something 
in exchange, probably his flexible neck. Somewhere 
along his line he picked up the four-chambered 
heart, the warm blood, the placenta, the diaphragm, 
the plantigrade foot, the mammary glands — indeed, 
what has he not picked up on the long road of his 
many transformations? He left some of his super- 
fluous forty-four teeth with his ancestral quadru- 
mana of Eocene times, and kept thirty-two. He 
picked up his brain somewhere on the road, prob- 
ably far back in Paleozoic times, but how has he 
developed and enlarged it, till it is now the one su- 
preme thing in the world! His fear, his cunning, his 
anger, his treachery, his hoggishness — all his ani- 
mal passions — he brought with him from his animal 
ancestors; but his moral and spiritual nature, his 
altruism, his veneration, his religious emotions, 
his esthetic perceptions — have come to him as 
a man, supplementing his lower nature, as it were, 
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