TIME AND CHANGE 
amphitheatres. The strata dip very gently to the 
north and northeast, while the slope of the surface 
is to the south and southeast. This has caused the 
drainage from the great northern plateaus to flow 
into the cafion and thus cut and carve the north 
side as we behold it. 
The visitor standing upon the south side looks 
across the great chasm upon the bewildering maze 
of monumental forms, some of them as suggestive 
of human workmanship as anything in nature well 
can be, — crumbling turrets and foundations, forms 
as distinctly square as any work of man’s hands, vast 
fortress-like structures with salients and entering 
angles and wing walls resisting the siege of time, 
huge pyramidal piles rising story on story, three 
thousand feet or more above their foundations, each 
successive story or superstructure faced by a huge 
vertical wall which rises from a sloping talus that 
connects it with the story next below. The slopes 
or taluses represent the softer rock, the vertical 
walls the harder layers. Usually four or five of these 
receding stories make up each temple or pyramid. 
Some of the larger structures show all the strata 
from the cap of light Carboniferous limestone at the 
top to the gray Cambrian sandstone at the bottom. 
From others, such as the Temple of Isis, all the 
upper formations are gone with a pile of disinte- 
grated red sandstone, like a mass of brick dust on 
the top where the fragment of the old red wall made 
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