210 ( POULTRY BREEDING 
duced and the percentage of livable chicks brought up 
from 32 per cent to 44 and 45 per cent of living chicks at 
the end of four weeks for every 100 eggs set, which is 
very close indeed to the results obtained from using hens 
under the most favorable conditions. Further experience 
has shown that zenoleum is not always beneficial, as in 
about one case in ten it is harmful rather than beneficial. 
Prof. Elford found that zenoleum reduced the hatch about 
10 per cent but by the use of volatile salts the hatch was 
increased 33 per cent, from 31 to 77 per cent of the live 
germs. The experiments show that during development 
the embryo is particularly sensitive to outside gas and 
vapor influences. This is a new field of experimentation 
and we look for practical results shortly. 
COMPARISON OF METHODS IN HATCHING. 
| 
Z| @].etl|s.¢|eet] of | 2 
8 a | # 8 i ees | mE’ | ofe 3 
g| _@| £66) =2t | 223 | =98 | =F 
HOW TREATED. gz) g4 See Qys | ee aces zt 
RO) FP oe, ma ae° | MES | ES 
o la |ee |ee |ae | Sere: 
% bes a ere se gn 1g 
= e = s mi ss i 
a 1 
Hens— 
Roomy nests ...... 6-200 cesses 159 | 10.7 i v 70 30.4 AS.7 i 
Crowded NeStBveccesves coy a sens 179 | 15.9 4 50 12.5 AB.7 16 
Incubators— 
Whole milk and zenoleum 110 | 19 i 64 2158 45.5 4 
Water, C O02* and zenoleum..... 44 | 13.6 11.3 ye 13 45 1 
Waterand zenoleum .....,. «| 464 | 32 lL.4 52.8 16.7 44 6 
Water and CO2*............. 04. 129 | 20.1 a) 48.1 21 a8 2 
Water Once escea ates. Sed 23 1,221) 18.9 [2 11.3 51.9 aT B27 13 
Dry egg-chamber....... ........ 1406 | 16.3 12.6 40.7 60.5. 16.1 12 
*C O02 carbon dioxule. 
“Speaking of moisture machines and dry machines 
Prof. Graham says: ‘It will be noticed that the moisture 
