214 POULTRY BREEDING 
able for non-moisture machines. In California, and on 
the high plateaus of the inter-mountain states, we would 
not expect as good results from non-moisture machines 
as from machines supplied with moisture, because of the 
low humidity of the coast country and the high altitudes 
of the mountain country. In California we found that a 
machine capable of evaporating considerable quantities of 
water produced the best results. 
Prof. Dryden’s experiments were made at the experi- 
ment station at Logan, Utah, at an altitude of probably 
5,000 feet above the sea level, which would indicate a 
very dry atmosphere, as, in fact, they have at that station. 
Speaking of turning and cooling the eggs Mr. Nix 
says: “There is no question that turning and cooling the 
eggs at regular intervals is essential in obtaining good 
hatches. Of eggs that are not turned only 10 to 15 per 
cent will hatch. Turning every 12 hours is the common 
practice and until the eggs pip, when it should be dis- 
continued, but experiments have shown that in some 
cases more frequent turning has slightly increased the 
hatch. Some operators claim that cooling is waste of 
time, but the experience of operators in general, and cur 
own experience as well, has shown that cooling in mod- 
eration is beneficial. It increases the hatch from 10 to 
15 per cent and the chicks that are hatched will live 
better where cooling is practiced.” ; 
Egg infection, Mr. Nix thinks, should be guarded 
against. He says: “One potent cause of poor results 
in incubation is infected eggs, either with bacteria or 
with moulds. This infection may take place in the nest, 
while in storage waiting to be incubated, in the incubator 
room or in the incubator itself. To avoid infection the 
eggs should be incubated as soon as possible after being 
